The Political Scene

The Night That Texas’s Seemingly Unchangeable Republican Identity Vanished

得克萨斯看似不可撼动的共和党身份,在那个夜晚烟消云散
Texans have something to teach the country about fighting for an apparently hopeless cause; conservatives aren’t the only ones who remember the Alamo.
得克萨斯人有一些东西可以教给全美国,那就是如何为一个看似毫无希望的事业而战;记得阿拉莫的,不只是保守派。
Figures gather in front of a screen
Photograph by Tamir Kalifa / NYT / Redux

I felt the first glimmers of hope this summer, waiting in line at the visitors’ center in Big Bend National Park, in Texas. A couple in front of me bought an annual parks pass. The plastic card depicted George Washington and a glowering Donald Trump. The couple looked at the card with dismay. “Doesn’t it usually have a picture of a park on it?” the man asked. In 2025, the pass had featured a roseate spoonbill in Everglades National Park; in 2022, the Milky Way over San Juan National Forest.

今年夏天,在得克萨斯州大弯国家公园的游客中心排队时,我第一次感受到了希望的微光。排在我前面的一对夫妇买了一张公园年卡。塑料卡面上印着乔治·华盛顿和一脸怒容的唐纳德·特朗普。那对夫妇看着卡片,满脸不悦。“这卡上一般不都是公园的图片吗?”那个男人问道。2025年的年卡上印的是大沼泽地国家公园的粉红琵鹭;2022年的则是圣胡安国家森林上空的银河。

The ranger’s shoulders tensed; this was not the first time he’d been asked this question, it seemed. “We’re not supposed to talk about politics,” he said.

公园管理员的肩膀绷紧了;看来他不是第一次被问到这个问题了。“按规定我们不能谈论政治。”他说。

A bearded man in motorcycle gear was next in line. He radiated the kind of spiky, aggressive energy that I associate with the President’s most fervent supporters, and, as he stepped up to the counter, I braced for conflict. “It’s ridiculous that I’m paying four dollars a gallon for gas and he’s still putting his face all over everything,” the man said. “I’m not getting a pass if he’s on it.” The ranger allowed himself a small, brief smile. Oh, Texas, I thought. It’ll always surprise you.

排在下一位的是一个穿着摩托车装备、留着胡子的男人。他身上散发着一种带刺的、咄咄逼人的气息,让我联想到总统最狂热的支持者。当他走到柜台前时,我做好了迎接冲突的准备。“我花四美元一加仑买汽油,他还把自己的脸印得到处都是,这太荒唐了,”那个男人说,“要是卡上有他,我就不办卡了。”管理员允许自己露出一个短暂而微小的微笑。哦,得克萨斯,我心想。你永远会让人意外。

Hope is treacherous for Democrats in Texas; live through a few elections and you learn to mistrust, even dread, it. My first big election in the state was the 2014 governor’s race, when Wendy Davis, in her pink sneakers, energized an army of Texas women fighting for reproductive rights. She lost to Greg Abbott, then the state’s attorney general, by twenty points. Four years later, my friends and family living elsewhere were confident that there was no way Texans would choose a toad like Ted Cruz for senator over the radiantly charismatic Beto O’Rourke. I read a million articles about the demographic destiny that would turn Texas blue, and allowed the tendrils of optimism to unfurl within me, even if by then I was jaded enough not to admit it out loud. I spent another Election Night with that queasy plummeting feeling that the world was a worse place than I had thought, and that I needed to revise my expectations downward again.

对得克萨斯的民主党人来说,希望是危险的;经历过几次选举,你就会学会不信任它,甚至害怕它。我在这个州经历的第一次大选是2014年的州长竞选,当时温迪·戴维斯穿着她的粉色运动鞋,激励了一支为生育权利而战的得克萨斯女性大军。她以二十个百分点的差距输给了时任州总检察长格雷格·阿博特。四年后,我住在外地的朋友和家人都信心满满,认为得克萨斯人绝不可能选特德·克鲁兹那样一个癞蛤蟆当参议员,而放弃光芒四射、魅力非凡的贝托·奥鲁克。我读了无数篇关于人口结构宿命将把得克萨斯变蓝的文章,任由乐观的藤蔓在我心中舒展,尽管那时我已经足够疲惫,不会把这种乐观说出口。又一个选举之夜,我带着那种恶心下坠的感觉度过——这个世界比我想象的更糟糕,我需要再次下调自己的预期。

Republicans in Texas have a tendency to act as though they were a permanent and ineradicable fixture of the Texas landscape, the expression of a deeply rooted and unchanging Lone Star essence. This is an absurd thing to assert in a state that has produced Lyndon B. Johnson, Barbara Jordan, Ann Richards, and Molly Ivins. But, in the past thirty-some years, the overwhelming dominance of Republicans—and, in the past decade, of the far-right Christian-nationalist wing of the Party—has bolstered these claims of inevitability. Their power persisted despite proliferating school shootings, the devastating failures of the state’s electrical grid, the preventable deaths of pregnant women, and other scandals, disasters, and tragedies. Hard-right politics came to feel like a weed that had choked every other kind of political expression. Lifelong Republicans who didn’t fall in line were mercilessly attacked. Many people I knew—activists; immigrants; advocates for public schools; college professors; parents of trans kids; women who were, or wanted to be, or didn’t want to get pregnant—questioned whether they could still feel at home in Texas. A number of them moved away. I understood why they thought that only one form of life could thrive here.

得克萨斯的共和党人有一种倾向,表现得好像他们是得克萨斯版图上永久且不可根除的存在,是一种根深蒂固、亘古不变的孤星之州本质的体现。在一个孕育了林登·约翰逊、芭芭拉·乔丹、安·理查兹和莫莉·艾文斯的州,这种说法荒谬至极。但是,在过去三十多年里,共和党压倒性的主导地位——以及过去十年中该党极右翼基督教民族主义派系的主导地位——为这种“必然性”的宣称提供了支撑。尽管校园枪击案层出不穷,州电网屡屡崩溃,孕妇本可避免地死亡,以及其他丑闻、灾难和悲剧接连不断,他们的权力依然持续存在。极右翼政治逐渐变成了一株杂草,扼杀了其他一切形式的政治表达。不听话的终身共和党人遭到无情攻击。我认识的许多人——活动人士、移民、公立学校倡导者、大学教授、跨性别孩子的父母、怀孕的、想怀孕的、或不想怀孕的女性——都在质疑自己是否还能在得克萨斯找到归属感。他们中的一些人搬走了。我理解他们为什么认为这里只有一种生活方式能够存活。

The state became a kind of national laboratory for MAGA policy: even before Trump’s second term, Texas had been busy investigating some gender-affirming care for minors as child abuse, banning D.E.I. in public higher education, and cruelly cracking down on immigration. In the run-up to the 2024 election, I saw people wearing “Make America Like Texas” shirts, and I felt a familiar sense of impending doom. When Trump won, my despair was laced with a nihilistic satisfaction: now the rest of the country would know what it felt like.

这个州成了MAGA政策的全国实验室:甚至在特朗普第二个任期之前,得克萨斯就已经忙着将针对未成年人的某些性别肯定医疗作为虐待儿童进行调查,在公立高等教育中禁止多元、公平与包容项目,并残酷地打击移民。在2024年大选前夕,我看到有人穿着印有“让美国像得克萨斯一样”的T恤,一种熟悉的厄运将至之感涌上心头。当特朗普获胜时,我的绝望中夹杂着一种虚无主义的满足感:现在全国其他地方也会知道这是什么滋味了。

But Texans also have something to teach the country about digging in and fighting for a seemingly hopeless cause; conservatives aren’t the only ones who remember the Alamo. A few months ago, the energy began to shift. Many Texans still claimed to like Donald Trump more than the rest of the country, but there was plenty that they were unhappy with: the war in Iran, high gas prices, ICE raids, data centers, Flock cameras, the federal government bulldozing through Big Bend to build a wall that even many Republicans didn’t want. James Talarico, the Democratic candidate for Senate, began to lead in poll after poll; then suddenly, shockingly, Gina Hinojosa, Abbott’s challenger, was ahead, too. In September, I temporarily moved to New York. Away from home, I felt bold enough to start saying out loud that I thought Ken Paxton, Talarico’s opponent, would lose. New Yorkers nodded; Texans, scandalized, hushed me, as if I had invoked an ancient curse. I kept saying it anyway. It felt good, in a reckless way, to say that, despite everything, good things were possible.

但得克萨斯人也有一些东西可以教给全美国,那就是如何坚守阵地,为一个看似毫无希望的事业而战;记得阿拉莫的,不只是保守派。几个月前,能量开始转变。许多得克萨斯人仍然声称自己比全国其他地方的人更喜欢唐纳德·特朗普,但让他们不满的事情比比皆是:伊朗战争、高油价、移民与海关执法局的突袭、数据中心、Flock监控摄像头、联邦政府为了修建一道连许多共和党人都不想要的边境墙而强行推平大弯国家公园。民主党参议员候选人詹姆斯·塔拉里科开始在一个又一个民调中领先;接着,突然之间,令人震惊地,阿博特的挑战者吉娜·伊诺霍萨也领先了。九月,我暂时搬到了纽约。离开家乡,我胆子大了,开始公开说我认为塔拉里科的对手肯·帕克斯顿会输。纽约人点头附和;得克萨斯人则大惊失色,赶紧让我闭嘴,好像我念了什么古老的咒语。但我还是继续说。不顾一切地说出“尽管发生了这么多,好事仍然是可能的”,这种感觉很好,带着一种不计后果的痛快。

Last night, I drank tequila and exchanged stunned, giddy texts with friends back home, as it became increasingly clear that something extraordinary was happening. Paxton and Abbott were losing, but so was Dan Patrick, the lieutenant governor, who fought to install the Ten Commandments in every public-school classroom in the state; and Don Huffines, the comptroller, who has equated abortion with murder; and Bo French, the candidate for railroad commissioner, who once asked on X whether Muslims or Jews were a bigger threat to the country. The whole statewide G.O.P. apparatus—men who felt so secure in their power that they had nearly persuaded me to accept their inevitability—was teetering. Before yesterday, Texas had not elected a Democrat to statewide office in thirty-two years; now, nearly every key position will be held by a Democrat.

昨晚,我喝着龙舌兰酒,和家乡的朋友们互发着震惊又兴奋的短信,越来越清楚地意识到,一件非同寻常的事情正在发生。帕克斯顿和阿博特在输,但输的还有副州长丹·帕特里克——他曾力主在得州每一间公立学校教室里安装《十诫》;还有主计长唐·哈芬斯——他曾将堕胎等同于谋杀;还有铁路委员会委员候选人博·弗伦奇——他曾在X上问,穆斯林和犹太人哪个对这个国家的威胁更大。整个州级共和党机器——那些对自己的权力如此笃定、几乎说服我接受其必然性的男人们——正在摇摇欲坠。在昨天之前,得克萨斯已经三十二年没有选出过一位全州范围的民主党官员了;而现在,几乎所有关键职位都将由民主党人担任。

This morning, I woke up with another strangely familiar feeling. I couldn’t place it at first, and then I remembered. It was the way I felt in 2020, when the Confederate statues came down in my Southern home town. Their air of permanence was always a pose. Something built up can always be taken down. The world will always surprise you. ♦

今天早上醒来,我又感到一种奇怪而熟悉的感觉。起初我说不清那是什么,然后我想起来了。那是2020年南方家乡的邦联雕像被拆除时我的感受。它们的永恒感从来都是一种姿态。建起来的东西总可以被拆掉。这个世界永远会给你惊喜。♦

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