Infinite Scroll

The Department of Labored Content

费力不讨好的内容部
Trump’s Cabinet has joined TikTok, but the White House is about to learn that controlling the platform isn’t the same as being good at it.
特朗普的内阁已经入驻TikTok,但白宫即将明白一个道理:掌控这个平台,跟玩得转它,完全是两码事。
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Illustration by Ariel Davis

When the White House announced, last week, that President Donald Trump’s Cabinet members were launching TikTok accounts, it urged users not to “miss a second of the hype” because the Administration was “CRUSHING IT for American Workers and on TikTok.” The Health and Human Services Secretary, Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., declared in his first official post that he was “making TikTok healthy again,” while a montage of him doing pullups and handling snakes played to Boston’s “More Than a Feeling.” The Secretary of Veterans Affairs, Doug Collins, promised to tailor his TikTok to “special and relevant” veterans’ concerns, which has so far brought us a handful of A.I.-generated A.S.M.R. animations and N.F.L. highlights. The Justice Department’s account has featured numerous alarmist posts about cartels and immigrant crime, while positioning the acting Attorney General, Todd Blanche, as a beacon of law and order. Other Trump officials are presenting their arrival on TikTok as a public service, a way to speak directly to voters and spread policy information without the news media muddling the message. As the midterms fast approach, and Trump’s approval ratings hover around forty per cent, the Administration is presumably hoping to flood the algorithm with as much MAGA content as possible, turning to TikTok to reinvigorate a base whose enthusiasm has dwindled in the dying light of Trump’s second and final term in office.

上周,白宫宣布特朗普总统的内阁成员将开通TikTok账号,并敦促用户不要“错过任何一秒的精彩”,因为本届政府“为美国工人,也在TikTok上,大杀四方”。卫生与公众服务部部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪在他的第一条正式帖文中宣称,他要“让TikTok再次健康起来”,背景画面是他做引体向上和摆弄蛇的蒙太奇剪辑,配乐是波士顿乐队的《More Than a Feeling》。退伍军人事务部部长道格·柯林斯承诺,他的TikTok将专门回应退伍军人“特殊且切身”的关切,但到目前为止,我们看到的只是一些AI生成的ASMR动画和NFL精彩集锦。司法部的账号发布了大量关于贩毒集团和移民犯罪的危言耸听的帖子,同时将代理司法部长托德·布兰奇塑造成法律与秩序的灯塔。其他特朗普政府官员则将自己入驻TikTok包装成一种公共服务,一种绕开新闻媒体对信息的过滤,直接与选民对话、传播政策信息的途径。随着中期选举迅速临近,特朗普的支持率徘徊在百分之四十左右,政府大概希望用尽可能多的“让美国再次伟大”(MAGA)内容淹没算法,借助TikTok来重振其基本盘的士气——在特朗普第二个、也是最后一个任期的黯淡余晖中,这些支持者的热情已然消退。

The Administration’s embrace of TikTok follows years of bipartisan attempts to ban the platform over national-security concerns. U.S. officials have long alleged that ByteDance, the Beijing-based company that created TikTok, mined American user data and manipulated content for political influence, in concert with the Chinese government (a charge the company has denied). In January, 2025, after the Supreme Court upheld a law that President Joe Biden had signed requiring ByteDance to divest TikTok’s U.S. operations, the platform went offline in the U.S. for several hours, sending content creators into a panic. For a moment, it seemed like the end of a generation-defining social-media app and an anticlimactic conclusion to a years-long saga. Trump, however, sensed a business opportunity; on his first day back in the White House, he signed an executive order to delay the shutdown and announced that an American-based “joint venture” would soon take fifty per cent ownership of the app. “Essentially, with TikTok, I have the right to sell it or close it,” he said, after signing the order. In the following months, a consortium emerged that included Oracle, the tech-giant co-founded by the conservative billionaire Larry Ellison; the private-equity firm Silver Lake; and M.G.X., an Emirati-backed investment fund with cryptocurrency connections to the Trump family. Anxieties about TikTok’s status as a data-harvesting foreign interloper gave way to a new concern: the app was now under the domain of a Republican mega-donor and private investors with direct ties to Trump. “If I could, I’d make it a hundred per cent MAGA-related,” Trump said, referring to the app’s feed, after TikTok’s new ownership structure was made official.

政府此番拥抱TikTok,是在两党多年来以国家安全为由试图封禁该平台之后。美国官员长期指控,TikTok的创建者、总部位于北京的字节跳动公司与中国政府合谋,挖掘美国用户数据并操纵内容以施加政治影响(该公司否认了这一指控)。2025年1月,在最高法院维持了拜登总统签署的一项要求字节跳动剥离TikTok美国业务的法律后,该平台在美国下线了数小时,引发内容创作者一片恐慌。有那么一刻,这似乎是一个定义了一代人的社交媒体应用的终结,也是一场旷日持久的风波反高潮式的收场。然而,特朗普嗅到了商机;在他重返白宫的第一天,他就签署了一项行政命令,推迟了禁令,并宣布一家总部位于美国的“合资企业”将很快获得该应用百分之五十的所有权。“本质上,对于TikTok,我有权卖掉它,或者关掉它,”他在签署命令后说。接下来的几个月里,一个财团浮出水面,其中包括由保守派亿万富翁拉里·埃里森联合创立的科技巨头甲骨文公司;私募股权公司银湖资本;以及一家与特朗普家族有加密货币关联、由阿联酋支持的投资基金MGX。对TikTok作为窃取数据的外国闯入者的焦虑,让位于一种新的担忧:这款应用如今落入了共和党的大金主和与特朗普有直接关系的私人投资者手中。“如果可以的话,我会让它百分之百都是MAGA相关的内容,”在TikTok新的所有权结构正式确定后,特朗普谈到该应用的推送内容时这样说道。

Although Trump claimed victory in the deal—“I saved TikTok, so you owe me big,” he pronounced, in a celebratory address directed at the “young people of TikTok”—questions remained about ByteDance’s continued involvement in the platform’s operations. It was unclear, for instance, how much influence the Chinese company retained over TikTok’s recommendation algorithm and to what extent it could access U.S. user data. Timothy Edgar, a Harvard Law lecturer and cybersecurity expert, has argued that, since the change in ownership, some national-security risks have been made “even worse.” This development has been compounded by Trump’s decimation of the Federal Trade Commission, which now has little incentive to investigate privacy violations or consumer-protection abuses committed by tech conglomerates, especially those which have pledged allegiance to Trump. And so it goes: the line between government and private interests has blurred beyond distinction during Trump’s second term, the President’s economic policy resembling a system of patronage rather than a rules-based market economy.

尽管特朗普宣称在这笔交易中取得了胜利——“我拯救了TikTok,所以你们欠我一个大人情,”他在向“TikTok的年轻人”发表庆祝讲话时宣告——但关于字节跳动是否继续参与该平台运营的问题依然存在。例如,尚不清楚这家中国公司在TikTok的推荐算法上保留了多少影响力,以及它能在多大程度上访问美国用户数据。哈佛法学院讲师、网络安全专家蒂莫西·埃德加认为,自所有权变更以来,某些国家安全风险反而“变得更糟了”。而特朗普对联邦贸易委员会的大肆削弱,更是雪上加霜,该机构现在几乎没有动力去调查科技巨头——尤其是那些已向特朗普宣誓效忠的巨头——所犯下的侵犯隐私或损害消费者权益的行为。事情就是这样:在特朗普的第二个任期内,政府与私人利益之间的界限已经模糊到无法区分,总统的经济政策更像是一种恩庇体系,而非基于规则的市场经济。

Having handpicked TikTok’s new majority ownership, the White House now wants the app’s devoted audience, too. It’s certainly a bet worth taking—the proportion of adults who consume traditional news media has significantly shrunk in the past decade, and social-media sites have become the primary way in which millions of Americans engage with the world of ideas and current events. Political messaging always had a natural home on X and Facebook, whose interfaces invite text-based discourse, evident in comment threads that amplify conflict and extreme perspectives. TikTok entered the ecosystem as a different animal. The app makes it easy to stitch together video clips and overlay them with audio and text, its content optimized for a vertical smartphone screen, the infinite scroll. This is how TikTok became synonymous with dancing and lip-synch routines—a playpen of viral-aspiring remix and reaction videos, comedy sketches and cooking tutorials, makeup reviews and day-in-the-life narratives. Even though TikTok is still strongly associated with Gen Z and youth culture, the app’s audience has expanded well beyond its early demographic, and it now attracts anyone interested in an endless stream of algorithmically personalized short-form videos.

在亲手挑选了TikTok新的多数股权所有者之后,白宫现在也想要这款应用忠实的受众。这无疑是一个值得下的赌注——过去十年里,消费传统新闻媒体的成年人比例显著萎缩,社交媒体网站已成为数百万美国人接触思想世界和时事的主要途径。政治信息在X和Facebook上向来如鱼得水,这些平台的界面鼓励基于文本的讨论,这在放大冲突和极端观点的评论区中显而易见。TikTok进入这个生态系统时,则是一个完全不同的物种。这款应用让拼接视频片段并叠加音频和文字变得轻而易举,其内容针对竖屏智能手机和无尽滚动的浏览方式进行了优化。TikTok正是因此成了舞蹈和假唱套路的代名词——一个充斥着渴望病毒式传播的混音和反应视频、喜剧小品和烹饪教程、美妆测评和“我的一天”式生活叙事的游乐场。尽管TikTok仍与Z世代和青年文化紧密相连,但该应用的受众早已超越了早期的人群特征,如今它吸引着任何对算法个性化定制的无尽短视频流感兴趣的人。

In this sense, Trump and his underlings will find it challenging to compete with the deluge of content on TikTok. The app’s users place a premium on the veneer of authenticity; it is a place where ease is rewarded above all else. The Department of Labor’s account has already produced some of the more “How do you do, fellow-kids?” posts I’ve ever encountered; the acting Secretary, Keith Sonderling, has a smile and a speech pattern woefully ill-suited for success on social media, and his wide-shouldered suits and meticulous combed helmet of hair strain with pretension. Brooke Rollins’s team, at the Department of Agriculture, has perhaps been the most adept at creating a cohesive visual identity, celebrating rodeo culture and cowboy couture in paeans to American exceptionalism. Mostly, though, the Trump Administration’s TikTok presence so far mirrors the aesthetics of Truth Social: machine-automated propaganda and cheap trend mimicry aimed at audiences already attuned to Trump’s dog whistles and sympathetic to his self-flattery. In this world, per one of the Department of Labor’s TikToks, America is all “sunshine and rainbows,” a utopia of possibility and promise, helmed by the last great man on Earth: Trump. Election fraud and immigrants, communism and legacy media, drag queens and trans people—these are the evils the Cabinet warns us of, weaponizing their accounts to parrot the President’s oft-repeated talking points.

从这个意义上说,特朗普和他的下属们会发现,要与TikTok上铺天盖地的海量内容竞争,绝非易事。该应用的用户极其看重那层真实感的表象;在这里,轻松自然比什么都重要。劳工部的账号已经发布了一些我见过的最为“嘿,年轻人,你们好吗?”式的帖子;代理部长基思·桑德林的笑容和说话方式,极其不适合在社交媒体上取得成功,他那宽肩西装和梳得一丝不苟、宛如头盔的头发,处处透着矫揉造作。农业部部长布鲁克·罗林斯的团队,或许在打造统一的视觉形象方面最为娴熟,他们在歌颂美国例外论的赞歌中,颂扬牛仔竞技文化和西部风情。不过,总的来说,特朗普政府目前在TikTok上的表现,大多只是Truth Social美学的翻版:机器自动生成的宣传和廉价的跟风模仿,目标受众是那些早已对特朗普的狗哨心领神会、并对他自我吹捧抱有好感的人。在这个世界里,正如劳工部的一条TikTok视频所描绘的,美国遍地都是“阳光和彩虹”,一个充满机遇与希望的乌托邦,由地球上最后一位伟人——特朗普——掌舵。选举舞弊和移民、共产主义和传统媒体、变装皇后和跨性别者——这些都是内阁警告我们要警惕的邪恶,他们利用自己的账号,鹦鹉学舌般地重复总统那些老生常谈的话题。

During his reëlection campaign, Trump reached younger and politically disengaged voters on social media not merely because his allies amplified his messaging but because influencers and public figures validated and normalized his world view. He golfed with Bryson DeChambeau; he talked football with former N.F.L. players; he told Adin Ross that live streaming was the “new wave.” He was playing with house money, revelling in his resurgent popularity and the renewed cultural cachet it afforded him. But, as the Iran war drags on, his personal wealth soars, and American citizens are killed in the streets by paramilitary agents, he’s had to take drastic measures to insure that he and his party preserve power in the upcoming midterm elections. He has already begun planting the seeds that an unreliable election system and a corrupt Democratic deep state will wrong him and his party at the soonest possible opportunity. He and his Cabinet have turned to TikTok to tell this story, hoping that the algorithm, against all odds, can still work in their favor. ♦

在特朗普的连任竞选期间,他之所以能在社交媒体上触及年轻和疏离政治的选民,不仅仅是因为他的盟友放大了他的信息,更因为网红和公众人物认可并常态化了他的世界观。他和布赖森·德尚博打高尔夫;他和前NFL球员聊橄榄球;他告诉阿丁·罗斯,直播是“新浪潮”。那时他玩的是别人的钱,尽情享受着自己再度崛起的人气和随之而来的、焕然一新的文化声望。但是,随着伊朗战争久拖不决,他的个人财富飙升,美国公民在街头被准军事人员杀害,他不得不采取极端措施,以确保他和他的政党在即将到来的中期选举中保住权力。他已经开始埋下伏笔,暗示一个不可靠的选举系统和一个腐败的民主党“深层政府”会一有机会就让他和他的政党吃亏。他和他的内阁已经转向TikTok来讲述这个故事,希望这个算法,尽管困难重重,仍能对他们有利。♦

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