Onward and Upward with the Arts

The Action-Film Director Who’s Taking On Michael Jackson

挑战迈克尔·杰克逊的动作片导演
Antoine Fuqua has built a career on movies with irresistible heroes. Now he’s telling the story of the King of Pop.
安东尼·福奎阿的电影生涯,始终围绕着那些令人无法抗拒的英雄形象展开。如今,他将镜头对准了流行音乐之王。
安东尼·福奎阿凭借塑造令人无法抗拒的英雄角色成就事业。如今,他要讲述流行天王的故事。
Person sitting
Photograph by Ramona Rosales for The New Yorker

At an early screening of “Michael,” the new bio-pic based on the life of Michael Jackson, there was silence for a moment after the credits rolled, and then someone exclaimed, “That was fucking awesome!” It was a good omen, although in fairness this was not an unbiased audience. A couple of dozen people had gathered at a sound stage on the Universal Studios lot, in California, for some last-minute trouble-shooting, and so everyone in the room was invested in the film’s success.

在迈克尔·杰克逊传记片《迈克尔》的早期试映会上,片尾字幕滚动完毕后,现场先是沉默了片刻,随后有人高喊:"这他妈太棒了!"这无疑是个好兆头——尽管平心而论,在场的观众并非毫无偏向。几十人聚集在加州环球影城的摄影棚里,进行上映前的最后调试,因此房间里的每个人都与这部电影的成功息息相关。

“Michael” was designed to be an international crowd-pleaser—the kind of film that executives hope will drag audiences away from their small screens and deposit them in front of big ones, where they can watch and sing along and even dance, if theatres permit it. There was no dancing on this night, unless you counted the projected receipts waltzing through the minds of the people involved. The movie’s lead producer is Graham King, an Englishman who also produced “Bohemian Rhapsody,” about the rock band Queen, which made more than nine hundred million dollars at the box office upon its release, in 2018. King has been working ever since then to bring a Michael Jackson film to theatres, and now only technicalities remained. He suggested that the crowd noise be increased during one of the concert scenes. (The movie has lots of concert scenes.) “Those of us that have been lucky enough to be at a Michael concert, it was fucking chaos,” he said. “You want to feel that.”

《迈克尔》被设计成一部全球通吃的电影——制片方希望这类影片能把观众从小屏幕前拽走,让他们坐到大银幕前,在那里观看、跟唱,如果影院允许的话,甚至还能跳舞。当晚没有跳舞,除非你把相关人员脑海中盘旋的预期票房也算作一种华尔兹。影片的首席制片人是英国人葛拉罕·金,他还制作过关于皇后乐队的《波西米亚狂想曲》,该片在2018年上映时斩获超过九亿美元票房。自那以后,金一直致力于将迈克尔·杰克逊的电影搬上大银幕,如今只剩下技术细节有待完善。他建议在某个演唱会场景中增加人群的喧闹声。(影片中有大量演唱会场景。)"我们这些有幸亲临迈克尔演唱会现场的人都知道,那场面简直他妈是场骚乱,"他说,"你得让观众感受到那种氛围。"

One of the people listening was an imposing but soft-spoken guy dressed in black, with a baseball cap nearly covering his eyes. His name is Antoine Fuqua, and for the past few decades he has been among Hollywood’s most successful directors, if not its most celebrated ones. Fuqua is known for films about tough guys on tough missions—especially “Training Day,” the 2001 movie he made with Ethan Hawke and Denzel Washington, who played a cop so deliciously crooked that audiences almost forgot to root against him. Fuqua’s filmography also includes “Olympus Has Fallen,” about terrorists attacking the White House, and the “Equalizer” trilogy, in which Washington plays an avenging angel who finds good reasons to do bad things, such as dispatching an enemy by shooting him through a different enemy’s eye socket.

听众中有一位身着黑衣、头戴棒球帽、帽檐几乎遮住眼睛的男子,他身材魁梧,说话却轻声细语。他叫安东尼·福奎阿(Antoine Fuqua),过去几十年里,他一直是好莱坞最成功的导演之一,即便不是最负盛名的那位。福奎阿以拍摄硬汉执行艰巨任务的电影而闻名——尤其是2001年他与伊桑·霍克、丹泽尔·华盛顿合作的《训练日》。片中华盛顿饰演的警察腐败得如此"美味",几乎让观众忘了该站在他的对立面。福奎阿的作品还包括讲述恐怖分子袭击白宫的《奥林匹斯的陷落》,以及《伸冤人》三部曲——华盛顿在其中饰演复仇天使,总能找到充分的理由做坏事,比如让子弹穿过一个敌人的眼窝击毙另一个敌人。

Fuqua likes to say that he specializes in stories about “men under pressure,” and in this sense, at least, “Michael” represents a logical continuation of his life’s work. In other ways, it is a departure: a film built not around gunfights and chases but around re-creations of musical performances. At the Universal Studios screening, Fuqua mentioned some moments when he wanted the music to fade away, the way old Motown songs often did, leaving listeners wanting more. (His older cousin Harvey was a doo-wop singer who became an executive at Motown Records.) But many of his suggestions were subtler: he wanted to make sure that a scene in a New York office had enough New York sounds in the background, and he worried that a few moments of automated dialogue replacement—where actors re-record their lines in a studio—didn’t quite fit the tone. Mainly, though, he seemed happy. “It’s awesome, man,” he said quietly. “I enjoyed it.”

福奎喜欢说,他专攻"压力下的男人"的故事,至少从这个意义上说,《迈克尔》代表了他毕生事业的合理延续。但在其他方面,这是一次突破:这部电影不是围绕枪战和追逐,而是围绕音乐表演的再现。在环球影业的放映会上,福奎提到了一些他希望音乐淡出的时刻,就像摩城老歌常做的那样,让听众意犹未尽。(他的堂兄哈维曾是嘟·喔普歌手,后来成为摩城唱片的高管。)但他的许多建议更为微妙:他希望确保纽约办公室的场景中有足够的纽约背景音,并担心几处自动对白替换——演员在录音棚重新录制台词——与整体基调不太协调。不过,他看起来很开心。"太棒了,伙计,"他轻声说道,"我很享受。"
People standing on set
In the new film, Jackson is played by his nephew Jaafar, with a faintly familiar smile and highly familiar dance moves.
在新片中,杰克逊由他的侄子贾法尔饰演,带着一丝似曾相识的微笑和极为熟悉的舞步。
Photograph by Glen Wilson / Lionsgate

Fuqua’s low-key approach is both a natural expression of his personality and a shrewd stratagem to reassure people around him that everything is under control. Fuqua is in many ways a Hollywood outsider: a Black man from Pittsburgh who honed his skills by shooting music videos and commercials in the nineteen-nineties. Yet something about his manner seems to put people at ease. This is an important skill for anyone who, like Fuqua, aims to make big and broadly entertaining films, and therefore needs to persuade executives to fund them and stars to appear in them. “Slow is smooth and smooth is fast,” Fuqua likes to say, echoing both an old military adage and a line delivered by Mark Wahlberg as an extraordinarily accurate assassin in Fuqua’s film “Shooter.”

福奎的低调作风既是他个性的自然流露,也是一种精明的策略,意在让身边人相信一切尽在掌握。从许多方面看,福奎都是好莱坞的局外人:这位来自匹兹堡的黑人导演,在九十年代通过拍摄音乐录影带和商业广告磨练技艺。然而他待人接物的某种特质总能让人感到安心。对于任何像福奎这样志在制作宏大而广受欢迎的电影人而言,这都是一项重要技能——毕竟他需要说服高管投资,也需要明星参演。"慢即是稳,稳即是快",福奎常把这句话挂在嘴边,这既呼应了古老的军事格言,也复刻了马克·沃尔伯格在其执导的《生死狙击》中扮演那位弹无虚发杀手时的台词。

“Michael,” which was made in coöperation with Jackson’s estate, has an enormous built-in audience, although it also carries significant risk. Jackson died in 2009, and by the end of his life he was a notorious figure: by his own admission, he had close and sometimes physically affectionate relationships with teen-age and pre-teen-age boys, some of whom accused him of sexual assault, which he denied.

《迈克尔》(Michael)是与杰克逊遗产委员会合作拍摄的,拥有庞大的固有观众群,但也承载着巨大风险。杰克逊于2009年去世,其生命末期已是声名狼藉的人物:他本人承认曾与多名青少年及青春期前男孩保持亲密关系,其中包含肢体接触,部分男孩指控其性侵,但杰克逊始终予以否认。

In discussions of people like Michael Jackson, some defenders insist on distinguishing between the artist and the art, but a bio-pic is necessarily about both. Jackson’s sublime pop-soul confections—“Billie Jean,” “Rock with You,” and countless others—remain extraordinarily popular, and the people with the strongest attachment to this music tend to share an attachment to its creator. “Michael” is not an ambivalent meditation on the complicated relationship between goodness and greatness but an unabashed celebration of its subject, based on the bet that, a decade and a half after Jackson’s death, audiences are ready to celebrate him, too.

在讨论迈克尔·杰克逊这类人物时,总有人坚持要将艺术家与其作品分开看待,但传记电影必然同时关乎两者。杰克逊那些精妙绝伦的流行灵魂乐作品——《比利·简》《与你共舞》以及无数其他歌曲——至今仍拥有非凡的流行度,而对这类音乐最执着的人们,往往也执着于其创作者。电影《迈克尔》并非对善与伟大之间复杂关系的暧昧沉思,而是对其传主毫无保留的颂扬。它押注于一个判断:在杰克逊离世十五年后,观众已准备好再次为他欢呼。

This past November, when the trailer for “Michael” was released on YouTube, it was viewed more than a hundred million times in the first twenty-four hours—a promising sign for Lionsgate, which, with other companies, has invested something like a hundred and fifty million dollars in the film. The title role is played by Jaafar Jackson, the son of Michael’s brother Jermaine, with a shy smile that’s faintly familiar and frenetic dance moves that are strongly familiar. But, to the extent that “Michael” is about a man under pressure, that man is Joe Jackson, the star’s domineering father, played by Colman Domingo with an intensity that would not be out of place in one of Fuqua’s more combat-driven films.

去年11月,《迈克尔》预告片在YouTube发布,首日观看量突破一亿次——这对狮门影业而言是个好兆头。该公司联合其他投资方为这部影片注资约1.5亿美元。主角由迈克尔胞兄杰梅因之子贾法尔·杰克逊饰演,他腼腆的微笑带着些许熟悉的影子,而狂热的舞步则令人强烈地想起那位传奇。但若说《迈克尔》展现的是重压下的人物,那么真正的主角当属乔·杰克逊——这位巨星专横的父亲由科尔曼·多明戈演绎,其表演张力即便放在安东尼·福奎阿那些更具战斗色彩的电影中也毫不违和。

In his career, Fuqua has worked to make himself difficult to categorize; not long after the success of “Training Day,” he went to Ireland to film “King Arthur,” a battlefield epic starring Clive Owen and Keira Knightley. His goal, often, has been to give audiences movies that feel like thrill rides, but nowadays he talks more about the responsibility to tell stories about Black people in particular. He fought hard to make “Emancipation,” a 2022 slavery drama starring Will Smith. And he tends to describe “Michael” less as a potential blockbuster than as an act of historical reclamation. “Michael’s too important a character for our culture to just walk away from,” he told me.

在职业生涯中,富阿始终致力于打破类型框架;《训练日》大获成功后不久,他便远赴爱尔兰拍摄由克里夫·欧文与凯拉·奈特莉主演的战场史诗片《亚瑟王》。他常以打造过山车般刺激的观影体验为目标,但如今更常谈论起讲述黑人故事的特殊责任。他曾倾尽全力促成2022年由威尔·史密斯主演的奴隶制题材剧情片《解放黑奴》。谈及《迈克尔》时,他更倾向于将其视为历史叙事权的收复,而非潜在的商业巨制。"迈克尔这个角色对我们文化而言太过重要,绝不能就此放手。"他这样告诉我。

Fuqua’s résumé includes seventeen features and half a dozen documentaries, along with film and television projects for which he served as producer or executive producer. (“The Terminal List,” in which Chris Pratt plays a renegade Navy SEAL, will release its second season on Prime Video later this year.) But he has never been nominated for a major award, and, though he lives outside Los Angeles, he is much more comfortable working out at his local boxing gym than appearing at industry events. Still, his profession occasionally requires self-promotion, which is how he found himself walking through Park City, Utah, on a bright January morning, heading to a promotional panel at the Sundance Film Festival. Fuqua is tall and broad and looks like a former football player, although in fact his sport of choice was basketball: he earned a scholarship to West Virginia State, a historically Black college, and then transferred to West Virginia University.

傅查(Fuqua)的履历包括十七部故事片和六部纪录片,以及他担任制片人或执行制片人的影视项目(克里斯·普拉特饰演叛变海豹突击队员的《终极名单》将于今年晚些在Prime Video平台推出第二季)。但他从未获得过重要奖项提名,尽管住在洛杉矶郊外,比起出席行业活动,他更习惯在当地拳击馆锻炼。不过,他的职业偶尔也需要自我推销——正因如此,一月的某个晴朗早晨,他才会出现在犹他州帕克城,前往圣丹斯电影节参加一场宣传论坛。傅查身材高大魁梧,看起来像退役橄榄球运动员,实际上他选择的运动是篮球:他曾获得西弗吉尼亚州立大学(一所传统黑人大学)的奖学金,后转入西弗吉尼亚大学。

When Fuqua arrived in Utah, “Michael” was nearly finished, and he was taking a break to focus on a very different man under pressure: Nelson Mandela, the subject of his new documentary “Troublemaker,” which was having its première at Sundance. On the street, Fuqua was stopped by autograph collectors clutching posters for “Training Day” and “The Equalizer.” He signed them quickly, then retreated into a makeshift greenroom on the second floor of the Filmmaker Lodge. There he met his co-panelist: Billie Jean King, the tennis trailblazer, astonishingly sharp and trim at eighty-two. “It’s an honor,” she said, and Fuqua bowed respectfully. He gets along particularly well with athletes, perhaps because he admires them so much; he says that one of the most difficult things he ever did was accept that he was not going to play professional basketball.

当福奎亚抵达犹他州时,《迈克尔》已接近完成,他正稍作休整,将注意力转向另一位身处压力之下的非凡人物:纳尔逊·曼德拉。这位南非前总统是他新纪录片《麻烦制造者》的主角,该片正在圣丹斯电影节首映。走在街上,福奎亚被影迷拦住索要签名,他们手里紧握着《训练日》和《伸冤人》的海报。他快速签完名,随即退入电影人会所二楼临时搭建的绿色休息室。在那里,他见到了同组对谈嘉宾:网球先驱比利·简·金。八十二岁的她思维敏锐、身形挺拔,令人惊叹。"很荣幸,"她说道,福奎亚恭敬地欠身致意。他与运动员相处尤为融洽,或许是因为他对他们怀有深深的敬意;他曾说,自己做过最艰难的事情之一,就是接受无法成为职业篮球运动员的现实。
A panel series of a sad love story that ends as a lesson in a classroom.
Cartoon by Edward Steed
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Onstage, Fuqua and King, who was promoting her own new documentary, talked about the link between sports and activism. Fuqua once directed a documentary about Muhammad Ali, and King shared her memories of getting to know him: “He’d go, ‘Billie Jean King, you’re the queen.’ ” Fuqua had been pleased to discover, during the research for his film, that Mandela was an amateur boxer. He liked the idea that a liberation hero who is often memorialized in America as an icon of nonviolence was in reality a fighter. “The only way you’re going to change anything—you’ve got to win,” he said.

在台上,福奎亚和正在宣传自己新纪录片的金谈论了体育与行动主义之间的联系。福奎亚曾执导过一部关于穆罕默德·阿里的纪录片,金则分享了她与阿里相识的回忆:"他会说,'比利·简·金,你是女王。'"福奎亚在为自己的电影做调研时,欣喜地发现曼德拉曾是一名业余拳击手。他喜欢这个想法:一位在美国常被奉为非暴力象征的解放英雄,现实中竟是一名斗士。"改变任何事情的唯一途径——你必须赢,"他说。

Fuqua grew up in Pittsburgh, where his father was a foreman at an H. J. Heinz factory and his mother worked for Volkswagen and for the city health department. The decisive event of his childhood involved, fittingly enough, gunfire and a panicked dash. When he was fifteen, he says, he and a friend were shot at by a mechanic who mistook them for thieves; he ran through a nearby alley before realizing that blood was seeping into his imitation-leather jacket, and the next thing he knew he was in an ambulance. “We lived in what people might say is the hood, but there wasn’t shooting on a regular basis,” his mother, Mary, told me. “There’s no way to protect your child in a situation like that.”

福克瓦在匹兹堡长大,父亲是亨氏食品厂的工头,母亲先后在大众汽车公司和市卫生部门工作。他童年时代的关键事件——恰如其分地——涉及枪声与惊惶奔逃。据他回忆,十五岁那年,他和一位朋友被一名误认他们是窃贼的机修工开枪射击;他冲进附近小巷后才意识到鲜血正渗入自己的人造革夹克,再清醒时已身在救护车里。"我们住的地方或许可说是贫民区,但并非枪击频发之地,"他的母亲玛丽告诉我,"那种情况下你根本无法保护自己的孩子。"

The bullet passed through Fuqua’s arm without much damage, but after the shooting he found himself drawn to the safety of movie theatres; he was fascinated by steely protagonists, like James Cagney’s vicious outlaw in “White Heat.” In college, when he wasn’t playing basketball or studying engineering, he dreamed of becoming a director, and in 1987 he moved to New York to see if it was possible. He worked a series of production-assistant jobs, where he picked up some ideas about how to run a set, and also about how to say no. On one shoot, for a TV commercial, he was assigned to scrub a section of street with a broom and a bucket, so that it would look better on camera. He quit P.A. work that day, resolving to scrape together money to make a short film: a surreal gangster melodrama about a drug dealer haunted by his guilty conscience. “Very ‘film student,’ ” Fuqua says now, even though he never went to film school.

子弹穿过富卡的手臂,没造成太大伤害,但枪击事件后,他发现自己被电影院的安全感所吸引;他对那些钢铁般坚毅的主角着迷,比如詹姆斯·卡格尼在《白热》中饰演的凶残法外之徒。大学期间,不打篮球或不学工程学时,他梦想成为一名导演,并于1987年搬到纽约,想看看这个梦想是否可能实现。他做过一系列制片助理的工作,从中汲取了一些关于如何管理片场的想法,也学会了如何拒绝。有一次拍摄电视广告时,他被分配用扫帚和水桶擦洗一段街道,以便在镜头前看起来更美观。那天他辞去了制片助理的工作,决心凑钱拍一部短片:一部超现实的帮派情节剧,讲述一个被内疚困扰的毒贩。"非常'电影学生'风格,"富卡现在说,尽管他从未上过电影学院。

Eventually, Fuqua moved to Los Angeles and found his way into Propaganda Films, an ideal place for an aspiring filmmaker. The agency, co-founded by Steve Golin, was known for making music videos, but over time it assembled perhaps the era’s most impressive roster of directors, including Michael Bay, David Fincher, Spike Jonze, and Mark Romanek. Fuqua was just about the only Black director in the office, and he developed a specialty in Black music, with a knack for creating vivid little movies on tight budgets. Steve Golin’s brother, Larry, a screenwriter, was close with Fuqua and admired his ability to honor the prime directive of music videos: the star must look cool. “We used to tease him about silk pajamas and diamonds and champagne glasses,” Golin recalls. “He was very skilled at giving the labels what they wanted—but upgraded.” For Prince’s song “The Most Beautiful Girl in the World,” Fuqua put the singer on a small stage, serenading a variety of women as they sat for portraits, their faces transformed by his Princely glow. The song became a Top Ten hit—the last one of Prince’s career.

最终,傅加搬到了洛杉矶,并进入了Propaganda Films——一个对有抱负的电影制作人来说堪称理想之地。这家由史蒂夫·戈林(Steve Golin)联合创办的经纪公司以制作音乐录影带闻名,但逐渐聚集了那个时代或许最令人瞩目的导演阵容,包括迈克尔·贝(Michael Bay)、大卫·芬奇(David Fincher)、斯派克·琼斯(Spike Jonze)和马克·罗曼尼克(Mark Romanek)。傅加几乎是办公室里唯一的黑人导演,他专攻黑人音乐,擅长在紧张的预算下创作生动的小型电影。史蒂夫·戈林的兄弟、编剧拉里·戈林(Larry Golin)与傅加关系密切,并欣赏他把握音乐录影带首要原则的能力:明星必须看起来很酷。"我们过去常拿丝绸睡衣、钻石和香槟杯开他玩笑,"戈林回忆道,"他非常擅长给唱片公司他们想要的东西——但更上一层楼。"在普林斯(Prince)的歌曲《世界上最美丽的女孩》(The Most Beautiful Girl in the World)的录影带中,傅加让这位歌手站在一个小舞台上,为一系列端坐肖像前的女性献唱,她们的面容被他的"王子光芒"所改变。这首歌成为了十大热门单曲——这也是普林斯职业生涯中最后一首十大热门单曲。
People standing together
“Training Day,” with Ethan Hawke and Denzel Washington, gave Fuqua partners who were as serious-minded as he was.
“训练日”由伊桑·霍克和丹泽尔·华盛顿主演,给了福夸与他一样严肃认真的搭档。
Photograph from Warner Bros. / Everett

Fuqua’s reputation for working with Black musicians brought in work, but he worried that it also limited him. His clients seemed to get much lower budgets than their white counterparts in bands like Aerosmith did. “I would see these videos, man—they’re huge, they got helicopters,” he told me. “And I’m getting forty thousand dollars, maybe thirty thousand.” Ultimately, though, this reputation was what helped him break out of his niche. The producer Jerry Bruckheimer had a new movie called “Dangerous Minds,” about a white teacher in a Black and Hispanic school, and he needed someone to direct a video for the soundtrack. Bruckheimer sent Fuqua the song: “Gangsta’s Paradise,” by an emerging rapper named Coolio. Fuqua imagined a video featuring Coolio and the movie’s star, Michelle Pfeiffer, on an unglamorous set—no silk pajamas required. Bruckheimer suggested that he call Pfeiffer and ask her to join the shoot. Fuqua remembers being slightly intimidated: “I was, like, ‘You want me to call Michelle Pfeiffer?’ ” But Pfeiffer told me that she considered herself lucky to have been asked. “I was very flattered, because the last thing I thought of myself was that I was cool in any way,” she said.

福夸与黑人音乐人合作的名声为他带来了工作,但他担心这也限制了他的发展。他的客户获得的预算似乎远低于那些白人乐队,比如空中铁匠乐队。"我看到那些音乐录影带,伙计——场面宏大,连直升机都用上了,"他告诉我,"而我拿到的预算只有四万,有时甚至三万。"但最终,正是这个名声帮助他突破了原有的局限。制片人杰瑞·布鲁克海默当时正在制作一部名为《危险游戏》的新电影,讲述一位白人教师在黑人及拉美裔学校任教的故事,他需要有人为电影原声带执导一支音乐录影带。布鲁克海默将歌曲寄给了福夸:这是一位名叫酷力欧的新晋说唱歌手的作品《黑帮天堂》。福夸设想了一个音乐录影带,让酷力欧与电影明星米歇尔·菲佛在一个朴实无华的场景中出演——不需要丝绸睡衣。布鲁克海默建议他直接致电菲佛,邀请她参与拍摄。福夸回忆当时自己有些胆怯:"我当时想,'您让我打电话给米歇尔·菲佛?'"但菲佛告诉我,她觉得自己能被邀请是幸运的。"我感到非常荣幸,因为我从不认为自己有什么酷的地方,"她说。

They shot late into the night, with Pfeiffer and Coolio facing off in what looked like an interrogation room. (Coolio scowls; Pfeiffer looks stern and—objectively speaking—cool in a black leather jacket.) The video helped the song become a hit, which helped the movie become a hit, and all of it established Fuqua as a stylish and streetwise director, equally comfortable with movie stars and rappers. Soon afterward, he resolved to stop making music videos entirely; while figuring out his first feature film, he would concentrate on television commercials, because the pay was better and racial typecasting was less of a concern.

他们一直拍到深夜,菲佛和库利奥在一个看起来像审讯室的地方对峙。(库利奥怒目而视;菲佛则神情严肃——客观地说——穿着黑色皮夹克显得很酷。)这支音乐录影带帮助歌曲走红,进而带动电影大卖,这一切都奠定了福奎阿作为一位兼具风格与街头智慧的导演地位,既能驾驭电影明星也能与说唱歌手自如合作。此后不久,他决定彻底停止拍摄音乐录影带;在筹备自己的首部故事长片期间,他将专注于电视广告拍摄,因为报酬更优厚,且种族刻板印象的问题不那么突出。

One of the best indicators of Fuqua’s early reputation is a recording of an interview with the rapper Tupac Shakur, from 1995, a few months after “Gangsta’s Paradise” was released. Shakur was talking to Monster Kody Scott, a much feared member of the Eight Tray Gangster Crips. Scott had written a best-selling memoir, “Monster,” and he was excitedly telling Shakur about plans to adapt it into a film. “The director is Antoine Fuqua, a young brother,” Scott said. “A straight-up cat—like us.” Fuqua was spending long hours at Propaganda’s headquarters, watching fellow-directors at work in editing bays, but in his downtime he had got to know a number of figures from the city’s gang culture. Anne-Marie Mackay, an executive at Propaganda, remembers marvelling at his ability to move between worlds. “He could deal with the most dangerous situations and come out unscathed,” she recalls.

最能说明傅奇早期声誉的,是1995年的一段采访录音——在《黑帮天堂》发行几个月后,说唱歌手图派克·夏库尔接受八道帮瘸子帮令人闻风丧胆的成员"怪物"科迪·斯科特专访。斯科特撰写的回忆录《怪物》曾畅销一时,他兴奋地向夏库尔透露将把这本书改编成电影的计划。"导演是安东尼·傅奇,一位年轻兄弟,"斯科特说,"纯粹的自己人——就像我们一样。"当时傅奇长期泡在Propaganda公司总部,在剪辑室里观摩同行导演工作,闲暇时则结识了洛杉矶帮派文化的多位代表人物。Propaganda高管安妮-玛丽·麦凯至今仍惊叹于他游走不同世界的能力:"他能处理最危险的局面,然后全身而退。"

“Monster” was supposed to be Fuqua’s début, but he couldn’t secure funding, so he signed on to direct a different kind of gangster movie: “The Replacement Killers,” a trans-Pacific crime drama set in Los Angeles but starring the Hong Kong actor Chow Yun-fat. It took Fuqua a few years to find his way. He still winces at the mention of “Bait,” a little-loved comedy starring Jamie Foxx, whose character is at one point moved to declare, “Oh, my nuts! My balls. My balls.”

《怪物》本该是福奎阿的处女作,但他没能拉到投资,于是转而执导了另一部黑帮片:《替身杀手》。这部跨太平洋犯罪片的故事背景设在洛杉矶,主演却是香港演员周润发。福奎阿摸索了好几年才找到自己的方向。提起《诱饵》他至今还会皱眉——这部由杰米·福克斯主演的喜剧片口碑平平,片中角色一度惊呼:"噢,我的蛋!我的蛋蛋。我的蛋蛋。"

In time, though, Fuqua found partners as serious-minded as he was. As he began work on “Training Day,” he met Ethan Hawke at a hotel bar in L.A. to recruit him to play an earnest rookie cop named Jake Hoyt. “We talked for hours,” Hawke told me. “We got so feverishly passionate discussing ‘Apocalypse Now,’ a total stranger interrupted us to ask if we were O.K.”

不过,傅奇亚最终还是找到了和他一样严肃认真的合作伙伴。在筹备《训练日》时,他在洛杉矶一家酒店的酒吧里见到了伊桑·霍克,想邀请他出演片中那位名叫杰克·霍伊特的菜鸟警察。"我们聊了好几个小时,"霍克告诉我,"我们热烈地讨论着《现代启示录》,激动得不能自已,结果一个完全陌生的人过来问我们是不是还好。"
Two mobsters sitting at table drinking coffee and talking about lemons.
“It’s not about making lemonade. It’s about getting even with whichever bastard gave us lemons.”
“关键不在于做柠檬水,而在于找那个给我们柠檬的混蛋算账。”
Cartoon by Drew Dernavich
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The script, by David Ayer, was ruthless and unsentimental, and it gave Fuqua a chance to combine the stylized imagery he had used in videos with his own interest in moral fables and the code of the streets. He shot some of the film in South Central Los Angeles, relying on his neighborhood relationships to cast extras and to keep the peace. As he tells it, he called a meeting of influential figures, including Cle (Bone) Sloan, a gang member who had recently been released from prison. (Sloan later directed a documentary about the history of street gangs, which Fuqua produced.) “I said, ‘I’m going to do this movie with Denzel, and I’m bringing it to the hood,’ ” Fuqua told me. “Every hood was, like, ‘Come on through.’ Latinos, the Blacks, the Bloods, the Crips. I had no issues.”

剧本由大卫·艾亚(David Ayer)执笔,风格凌厉、不滥情,让福奎有机会将自己擅长的风格化影像,与对道德寓言和街头法则的兴趣结合起来。他在洛杉矶中南区拍摄了部分场景,凭借在当地的人脉关系招募群众演员并维持秩序。据他回忆,他曾召集有影响力的人物开会,包括刚出狱的帮派成员克莱(本名博恩)·斯隆(Cle (Bone) Sloan)。(斯隆后来执导了一部关于街头帮派历史的纪录片,由福奎监制。)"我当时说:'我要和丹泽尔拍这部电影,而且会带到街区来拍,'"福奎告诉我,"每个街区都表示欢迎。拉丁裔、黑人、血帮、瘸帮,都没问题。"

It helped, of course, that he had Washington. The two men attended the same Pentecostal church, but they didn’t know each other well when Fuqua pitched him a role in “Training Day.” They have now made five films together, which have grossed about eight hundred and thirty-five million dollars, making them one of the most bankable duos in Hollywood. At various times in our conversations, Fuqua compared Washington to Miles Davis (“You’ve just got to know that sometimes he’s going to do his thing”) and Muhammad Ali (“You can give some instructions, but he’s still going to be Ali”). Washington’s glowering intensity matches the purposeful mood that Fuqua likes to evoke: viewers get the pleasurable sensation of watching a man who refuses to be distracted or dissuaded.

当然,这得益于他与丹泽尔·华盛顿的合作。两人曾参加同一个五旬节派教会,但在富卡邀请他出演《训练日》时,他们并不熟识。如今他们已合作了五部电影,全球票房累计约八亿三千五百万美元,成为好莱坞最具票房号召力的搭档之一。在我们的多次交谈中,富卡曾将华盛顿比作迈尔斯·戴维斯("你得明白,有时他就是要按自己的方式行事")和穆罕默德·阿里("你可以提些建议,但他终究会是阿里")。华盛顿那极具压迫感的专注神情,恰好契合富卡想要营造的坚定氛围:观众能从中获得一种愉悦的体验——看着一个心无旁骛、不为所动的人。

In “Training Day,” of course, Washington’s character, Alonzo Harris, is a bad guy: probably worse than the criminals whom he abets and, when it’s convenient, dispatches, and definitely worse than Hawke’s character, who is assigned to be his partner. (The forthright contrast between Black vice and white virtue seems, perhaps, even more transgressive now than it did back in 2001.) The film takes place over the course of one very overstuffed day, during which it gradually becomes clear that Alonzo has got himself too deep into trouble to get out again; he is finally surrounded by gang members determined to enforce local standards of justice. In one version of the script, Alonzo managed to escape, but Washington and Fuqua decided against it. “To justify Alonzo Harris’s living in the worst way, he had to die in the worst way,” Washington once said in an interview. During the climactic scene, his character bellows, “King Kong ain’t got shit on me!,” and his delivery is so commanding that the line is often remembered as a declaration of invincibility, rather than as the last gasp of a doomed man.

在《训练日》中,华盛顿饰演的阿隆佐·哈里斯无疑是个反派:他可能比那些自己包庇、必要时就铲除的罪犯更恶劣,也绝对比霍克饰演的搭档角色更堕落。(这种对黑人堕落与白人美德直截了当的对比,如今看来或许比2001年时更具冒犯性。)影片浓缩在异常充实的一天之内,随着情节推进,阿隆佐深陷泥潭无法自拔的处境逐渐清晰;最终他被决心执行街头正义的帮派成员团团围住。剧本曾有一个版本让阿隆佐成功逃脱,但华盛顿和导演安东尼·福奎阿决定放弃这个结局。"要让阿隆佐·哈里斯的生存方式显得罪有应得,他就必须以最惨烈的方式死去,"华盛顿曾在采访中如此解释。在影片高潮场景中,他的角色咆哮道:"金刚在我面前算个屁!"其演绎极具震慑力,以至于这句台词常被铭记为无敌宣言,而非将死之人的最后喘息。

In some ways, “Training Day” was misleading: it was a film built around a charismatic villain, made by a director who proved to be more interested in heroism. One of the only figures in Fuqua’s filmography who resembles Alonzo is Suge Knight, the real-life hip-hop executive known for his bullying—and sometimes violent—approach to business and life. In 2018, Fuqua made a documentary called “American Dream / American Knightmare,” in which Knight tells his own story, uncontradicted, so that viewers can make up their own minds about how wicked he really is.

从某种意义上说,《训练日》具有误导性:这部电影围绕一个富有魅力的反派展开,而导演本人却对英雄主义更感兴趣。在福奎亚的电影作品中,唯一与阿隆佐相似的人物是苏格·奈特——这位现实中的嘻哈大亨以欺凌乃至暴力的方式处理商业与生活而闻名。2018年,福奎亚拍摄了纪录片《美国梦/美国噩梦》,片中奈特毫无阻碍地讲述了自己的故事,让观众自行判断他究竟有多邪恶。

Most of Fuqua’s features are anchored by men more like Robert McCall, Washington’s character in the “Equalizer” films, whose skills and moral code are both superhuman. “He’s St. Michael, stepping on the Devil’s head,” Fuqua said. “And sometimes that’s necessary.” The first “Equalizer” film was a remake of a nineteen-eighties television series that starred the English actor Edward Woodward as a suave former intelligence agent turned vigilante. Washington’s version of McCall is disciplined but damaged, and possibly afflicted with something like obsessive-compulsive disorder. “He needed things to be together, and to fit, because he wasn’t together, and things didn’t fit,” Washington said, around the time the first film was released. “He’s not just some mindless super guy who goes around, you know, kicking butt. He’s struggling.” In one famous scene, the camera zooms in on Washington’s eye as he surveys a room full of Russian gangsters, taking inventory of the possible weapons: a gun, a knife, a glass tumbler, a corkscrew. “Sixteen seconds,” he whispers, and he starts a timer on his watch before methodically reducing the room’s living population to one. “I’m sorry,” he says, even more quietly, once his bloody work is done, and the apology allows viewers to make believe that the violence is a necessary evil, instead of the whole point.

福奎电影中的角色大多像《伸冤人》系列里丹泽尔·华盛顿饰演的罗伯特·麦考尔那样,拥有超人的技能和道德准则。"他是圣米迦勒,脚踩魔鬼的头,"福奎说,"有时这是必要的。"第一部《伸冤人》翻拍自上世纪80年代的电视剧,英国演员爱德华·伍德沃德在剧中饰演一位温文尔雅的前情报特工,后来成了义务警员。华盛顿版的麦考尔自律但内心破碎,可能还患有类似强迫症的疾病。"他需要一切井井有条,严丝合缝,因为他自己支离破碎,生活一团糟,"第一部电影上映时华盛顿这样说道,"他不是那种没头没脑到处揍人的超级英雄。他在挣扎。"在一个著名场景中,镜头拉近华盛顿的眼睛,他扫视着满屋的俄罗斯黑帮,清点着可能的武器:枪、刀、玻璃杯、开瓶器。"十六秒,"他低语道,随即按下手表计时器,开始有条不紊地将屋内活人减至一个。"抱歉,"完成血腥工作后他轻声说道,这句道歉让观众相信暴力是必要之恶,而非影片的全部意义。
Portrait of a person
“What he does is deceptively complicated,” one executive said about Fuqua. “People take for granted how good he is.”
“他所做的事情看似简单,实则复杂,”一位高管这样评价福夸,“人们把他有多出色视为理所当然。”
Photograph by Ramona Rosales for The New Yorker

One of Fuqua’s favorite directors is Akira Kurosawa, whose film “Seven Samurai” was reimagined by John Sturges as the classic Western “The Magnificent Seven.” Those two films are commonly described as meditations on the futility of violence in a world where justice takes the form of endless attacks and reprisals. Fuqua remade the Western in 2016, filling the cast with big names: he reunited Washington and Hawke, and added Chris Pratt and Peter Sarsgaard. After a chaotic climax, Fuqua gives viewers an unambiguous message, delivered in voice-over by the woman who had recruited the belligerents:

傅查最欣赏的导演之一是黑泽明,后者的《七武士》曾被约翰·斯特奇斯改编成西部片经典《豪勇七蛟龙》。这两部作品常被解读为对暴力无意义的沉思——在那样一个世界里,正义以永无止境的攻击与报复形式呈现。2016年傅查重拍了这部西部片,云集众多明星:他让丹泽尔·华盛顿和伊桑·霍克再度合作,并加入克里斯·帕拉特与彼得·萨斯加德。在混乱的高潮戏之后,傅查通过招募这群好斗者的女性角色画外音,向观众传递了明确的讯息。

Whatever they were in life, here at the end, each man stood with courage and honor. They fought for the ones who couldn’t fight for themselves, and they died for them, too. All to win something that didn’t belong to them. It was magnificent.

无论生前如何,在生命的终点,每个人都以勇气与尊严站立。他们为无力自保者而战,亦为他们而死。这一切只为赢得本不属于他们的东西。何其壮丽。

This was not a subtle conclusion, but it reflected Fuqua’s preference for clarity: his films are full of well-lit faces, crisp sounds (like the racking of a pistol), and sharp moral lines. “I would love to tell a story about a diabolical motherfucker—but he’s got to be unapologetic,” Fuqua told me. “You’re either on this side of things, or you’re all in on this side. There’s no gray.” The tension in his films usually comes from finding out whether and how his protagonist is going to succeed, not from wondering what kind of person he really is. In 2009, Hawke starred alongside Wesley Snipes and Don Cheadle in a Fuqua film called “Brooklyn’s Finest,” a sprawling cop thriller. “I remember Richard Gere coming to set and saying it had been a long time since he’d been in a room with that much testosterone,” Hawke told me.

这并非什么微妙的结论,却折射出福奎阿对清晰度的偏好:他的电影里满是光线充足的面孔、清脆的声响(比如手枪上膛的咔嗒声),以及泾渭分明的道德界限。"我很想讲一个关于恶魔般混蛋的故事——但他必须毫无悔意,"福奎阿告诉我,"你要么站在这边,要么彻底站在那边。没有灰色地带。"他电影中的张力通常来自探究主角能否成功以及如何成功,而非揣测他究竟是何种人。2009年,霍克与韦斯利·斯奈普斯、唐·钱德尔共同出演了福奎阿执导的警匪惊悚片《布鲁克林警察》,这部作品格局宏大。"我记得理查·基尔来到片场时说,他已经很久没在同一个空间里感受过如此浓烈的雄性荷尔蒙了,"霍克告诉我。

Over the years, Fuqua stayed so busy that he sometimes seemed to be running his own studio. Unlike the director Tyler Perry, whose devotion to telling Black stories inspired him to build a parallel version of Hollywood in Atlanta, Fuqua has always been intent on succeeding within Hollywood itself. Depending on his mood, he can seem either proud or distressed that he’s not always thought of as a member of the industry élite. “You don’t need to shake everybody’s hand,” he told me one afternoon. “As long as you’re doing quality work, and you’re being a gentleman about it, then you’re good.” But he is also intensely aware that his work tends not to win recognition. “This time of year kills me,” he said. It was March, and many of his peers were getting ready for the Academy Awards, which have generally ignored his films. The major exception is “Training Day,” for which Washington won Best Actor. Accepting the trophy, Washington hailed Fuqua as “a brilliant young filmmaker, African American filmmaker.” Peering out at the audience, he added, “I don’t know where you are, Antoine—love you.” Fuqua was sitting near the back of the theatre, unseen not only by Washington but also by the television cameras. “Some of the reporters didn’t even know I was the director,” he recalled. “It wasn’t popular, being a Black director back then.”

多年来,富卡一直忙得不可开交,有时简直像是在经营自己的制片厂。与导演泰勒·佩里不同——佩里致力于讲述黑人故事,这促使他在亚特兰大打造了一个与好莱坞平行的电影世界——富卡始终执着于在好莱坞体系内获得成功。根据心情不同,他时而为自己不被视为行业精英而自豪,时而为此感到沮丧。"你不必和每个人都握手,"某个下午他告诉我,"只要你做出高质量的作品,并且以绅士的方式行事,那就够了。"但他也清醒地意识到,自己的作品往往难以获得认可。"每年这个时候都让我难受。"他说。当时正值三月,他的许多同行都在为奥斯卡颁奖典礼做准备,而奥斯卡向来忽视他的电影。主要的例外是《训练日》,丹泽尔·华盛顿凭借此片获得了最佳男主角奖。在领奖时,华盛顿称赞富卡是"一位杰出的年轻电影人,非裔美国电影人"。他望向观众席补充道:"我不知道你在哪里,安托万——爱你。"富卡当时坐在剧院后排,不仅华盛顿没看见他,电视摄像机也没有捕捉到他。"有些记者甚至不知道我是导演,"他回忆道,"那时候当黑人导演并不受欢迎。"

Fuqua thought he had another chance at acclaim a few years ago, with “Emancipation,” a Will Smith film inspired by nineteenth-century photographs of a man who had escaped slavery exhibiting the scars on his back. It was an Apple Studios production, with a budget of more than a hundred million dollars, and Fuqua persuaded the venerable cinematographer Robert Richardson to serve as the director of photography. This was despite Richardson’s aversion to the local fauna in Louisiana, where much of the movie was shot. “I do not appreciate either snakes or alligators,” Richardson told me. Like many collaborators, he came away impressed by Fuqua’s ability to gently persuade people around him to do things they might initially oppose, such as bringing a crew to a remote location in the rural South. (The shoot was initially supposed to take place in Georgia, but Fuqua and Smith moved it, to protest new state voting laws that they described as “reminiscent of voting impediments that were passed at the end of Reconstruction.”) Richardson told me that Fuqua’s knack for getting his way reminded him of other directors he had worked with: Oliver Stone, Martin Scorsese, and Quentin Tarantino. “There’s not one of those four that you can honestly say no to,” he said.

几年前,福奎以为他又一次迎来了获得赞誉的机会,那就是威尔·史密斯主演的《解放黑奴》。这部电影的灵感来自19世纪的一组照片,照片中一名逃脱奴役的男子展示着背上的伤疤。这是苹果影业出品的一部预算超过一亿美元的电影,福奎说服了德高望重的摄影师罗伯特·理查森担任摄影指导。尽管理查森对路易斯安那州的当地动物群感到厌恶,但电影的大部分镜头还是在那里拍摄的。"我既不喜欢蛇,也不喜欢鳄鱼,"理查森告诉我。和许多合作者一样,他对福奎温和地说服身边人去做他们最初可能反对的事情的能力印象深刻,比如把剧组带到南方乡村的偏远地区。(拍摄最初计划在佐治亚州进行,但福奎和史密斯将其转移,以抗议他们称之为"让人想起重建时期结束后通过的投票障碍"的新州投票法。)理查森告诉我,福奎达成自己目标的本事让他想起了他曾合作过的其他导演:奥利弗·斯通、马丁·斯科塞斯和昆汀·塔伦蒂诺。"这四个人中,你无法对任何一个真正说不,"他说。
People sitting
Fuqua’s music videos—including one in which Coolio squared off with Michelle Pfeiffer—helped establish him as a stylish and streetwise director.
福夸的音乐录影带——包括其中一部库利奥与米歇尔·菲佛对决的作品——帮助他确立了自己时尚而街头智慧型导演的地位。
Photograph by Lester Cohen / Getty

The greatest asset that “Emancipation” had was its star—at least until the moment during the editing process when bewildered friends began calling Fuqua to ask, “Is this real?” Smith had slapped Chris Rock onstage at the Academy Awards, and was suddenly one of the most despised actors in America. Fuqua considered trying to broker a summit between the two men, but eventually he decided that it wasn’t his business, and that there was probably nothing he could do to rescue the film. Reviews were mixed, and Smith could not effectively promote the movie; everyone he talked to wanted to know about the slap, and he never settled on a compelling explanation. “It was almost like people were angry at all of us, for making it,” Fuqua told me. “Whether it would have went to the Academy Awards or not—I always have that in my mind.”

《解放黑奴》最大的资产就是它的主演——至少,在剪辑阶段,当困惑的朋友们开始打电话给福奎阿问"这是真的吗?"之前是这样。史密斯在奥斯卡颁奖典礼上掌掴了克里斯·洛克,突然之间,他成了全美最受唾弃的演员之一。福奎阿曾考虑尝试促成两人和解,但最终认定这不关他的事,而且自己很可能无力挽救这部电影。影片评价褒贬不一,史密斯也无法有效宣传;每个采访者都想追问掌掴事件,而他始终没能给出令人信服的解释。"几乎就像人们都在生我们所有人的气,气我们拍了这部电影,"福奎阿告诉我,"至于它是否还能参加奥斯卡颁奖礼——我脑子里始终萦绕着这个问题。"

Fuqua did not always think of Michael Jackson as someone whose story he was meant to tell. “Early on in my career, I probably would have said, ‘I don’t know if that’s me,’ ” he told me. He remembers that, back when he was first establishing himself, someone mentioned the opportunity to direct a Jackson video. “It was huge, but I wasn’t running towards it,” he said. In the nineties, hip-hop was toughening up the sound of American popular music; Jackson, fey and theatrical, seemed increasingly distant from the cultural mainstream. In time, though, Fuqua came to see Jackson less as an anomaly than as an archetype: strange, but not much stranger than the show-business world he had been forced to navigate since childhood.

傅奎(Fuqua)并非从一开始就认定迈克尔·杰克逊(Michael Jackson)的故事该由他来讲述。"职业生涯早期,我大概会说'我不确定这是否适合我',"他告诉我。他记得自己刚站稳脚跟时,曾有人提起执导杰克逊音乐录像的机会。"那是天大的机遇,但我没有急切地扑上去。"九十年代,嘻哈音乐正让美国流行乐坛变得硬朗起来;而杰克逊那种精灵般戏剧化的风格,似乎与主流文化渐行渐远。但随着时间的推移,傅奎逐渐意识到杰克逊与其说是个异类,不如说是个原型:他固然奇特,却并不比那个他从童年起就不得不周旋其中的演艺世界更离奇。

If Fuqua thought that a bio-pic about a pop star would be less gruelling to make than a slavery drama filmed in a Louisiana swamp, he was wrong. The film is built around music, and Jackson’s lyrics do not neatly tell his life story; there is no evidence that he ever told a would-be street fighter to “beat it.” Perhaps more significantly, Graham King, the producer, needed approval for the music from the Jackson estate, effectively giving it veto power over the project. A Michael Jackson movie without Michael Jackson songs was unlikely to be a global blockbuster.

如果傅奎亚以为,拍摄一部流行歌星的传记片会比在路易斯安那沼泽地拍摄奴隶制题材电影轻松,那他就错了。这部影片以音乐为骨架,而杰克逊的歌词并未直白讲述他的人生故事——并无证据表明他曾对街头挑衅者说过"避开吧"。更重要的是,制片人格雷厄姆·金需要获得杰克逊遗产管理委员会对音乐使用的许可,这实际上赋予了委员会对项目的否决权。没有迈克尔·杰克逊歌曲的迈克尔·杰克逊电影,恐怕难以成为全球爆款。

Production was delayed by the 2023 strikes in Hollywood, but “Michael” remained one of the most highly anticipated films on the release schedule, as well as one of the most carefully guarded, with King and Fuqua saying little about their plans. When shooting finally began, Fuqua thought that he’d found a way to deploy the adrenalized style he’s known for. He shot a surprising action sequence: a reënactment of the 1993 police raid on Neverland Ranch, Jackson’s home and personal amusement park, on the far outskirts of Santa Barbara. After searching the premises, officers had examined and photographed Jackson’s body, to compare it with descriptions from Jordan Chandler, a thirteen-year-old boy who had accused Jackson of touching his penis during one of their sleepovers. Chandler’s family sued, and Jackson settled for about twenty-three million dollars; afterward, Chandler stopped coöperating with prosecutors, and the investigation was closed.

尽管2023年的好莱坞罢工导致影片制作延期,但《迈克尔》依然是上映计划中最受期待的电影之一,同时也是保密工作最严格的影片——导演福奎亚与制片人金对拍摄计划始终守口如瓶。当拍摄终于启动时,福奎亚认为自己找到了施展其标志性肾上腺素飙升风格的突破口:他拍摄了一场令人意外的动作戏——重现1993年警方突袭圣巴巴拉市远郊梦幻庄园的场景。这座庄园既是杰克逊的宅邸,也是他的私人游乐园。当时警方在搜查庄园后,对杰克逊的身体进行了检查与拍照,旨在与13岁男孩乔丹·钱德勒的指控描述进行比对。钱德勒声称杰克逊在某次留宿期间触摸了他的生殖器。钱德勒家族随后提起诉讼,杰克逊以约2300万美元达成和解;此后钱德勒拒绝配合检方调查,案件就此终止。

The raid marked the end of the era in which Jackson’s eccentricity—his morphing appearance, his obsession with animals, and above all his love for children—seemed like something to chuckle about. In 2005, Jackson faced ten charges related to the alleged abuse of another thirteen-year-old. Though he was acquitted on all counts, the allegations threatened to overshadow his music—especially after the release, in 2019, of “Leaving Neverland,” a documentary that told the stories of two more alleged victims. Amid widespread reconsideration of prominent people accused of wrongdoing, some wondered whether Jackson might disappear from playlists.

这次突袭标志着杰克逊的怪癖——他变幻莫测的外表、对动物的痴迷,尤其是对儿童的喜爱——还能被当作笑谈的时代彻底终结。2005年,杰克逊曾面临十项与另一名十三岁少年相关的性侵指控。尽管所有罪名均未成立,这些指控却始终笼罩着他的音乐事业——特别是在2019年纪录片《逃离梦幻岛》上映后,影片中两名自称受害者的叙述引发了更广泛的质疑。当社会开始重新审视那些被指控行为不端的公众人物时,许多人不禁怀疑:杰克逊的音乐是否终将从播放列表中消失。

It turned out, though, that it’s much harder to stop listening to Jackson’s songs than it is to stop watching Woody Allen’s films or “The Cosby Show.” Part of the problem is that his influence is so huge; the Canadian singer known as the Weeknd has become one of the most popular performers in the world with his moody, artful update of Jackson’s music. On Broadway, “MJ the Musical” has been running for more than four years, encouraging theatregoers to let their love of Jackson’s hits outweigh concerns about his life. And, though his songs have been mainly absent from television ads, the animated film “The Bad Guys 2” used “Bad” in a trailer last year. The legal fights aren’t over; a case against Jackson’s estate, filed by the two primary accusers from “Leaving Neverland,” is scheduled to go to trial this fall. But it has now been more than fifteen years since Jackson’s death, and the public outrage seems to be fading, perhaps because Jackson is increasingly viewed as a troubled figure from the past, rather than a troublesome figure in the present.

然而事实证明,停止聆听迈克尔·杰克逊的歌曲远比停止观看伍迪·艾伦的电影或《天才老爹》要困难得多。部分原因在于他的影响力实在太过深远:加拿大歌手威肯(The Weeknd)凭借对杰克逊音乐忧郁而精妙的当代演绎,已成为全球最受欢迎的表演者之一。在百老汇,《MJ音乐剧》已上演四年有余,不断引导观众将对杰克逊热门歌曲的热爱置于对其人生的质疑之上。尽管电视广告中鲜少出现他的歌曲,去年动画电影《坏蛋联盟2》的预告片却使用了《Bad》作为配乐。法律纠纷尚未终结——纪录片《逃离梦幻岛》中两位主要指控者对杰克逊遗产委员会提起的诉讼,定于今年秋季开庭审理。但距离杰克逊离世已逾十五载,公众的愤慨似乎正在消退,或许是因为人们越来越将他视为来自过去的困顿灵魂,而非当下令人不安的存在。

Fuqua hadn’t planned to downplay the controversy that engulfed Jackson in his final decades. Instead, he envisioned a film that might have read as a provocative defense of its subject. Describing the scene of the raid, he told me, “I shot him being stripped naked, treated like an animal, a monster.” Fuqua is not convinced that Jackson did what he is accused of doing, despite the number of accusers (five) and the fact that Jackson publicly talked about sharing his bed with boys. “When I hear things about us—Black people in particular, especially in a certain position—there’s always pause,” Fuqua told me. He mentioned the facts of Elvis Presley’s life, suggesting there was a double standard. (Presley met his future wife, Priscilla, when she was fourteen, and she moved to Memphis to be with him at seventeen.) He was skeptical of some of the accusers’ parents, particularly Chandler’s father, a dentist and sometime screenwriter named Evan Chandler, who was recorded threatening to insure that Jackson was “humiliated beyond belief.” (Evan Chandler died by suicide in 2009, a few months after Jackson’s death.) Fuqua stressed that he didn’t know the truth of the allegations against Jackson. But, he said, “sometimes people do some nasty things for some money.”

富卡原本没打算淡化杰克逊生命最后二十年所深陷的争议。相反,他设想拍一部可能被视为为其主人公进行挑衅性辩护的影片。描述突袭搜查的场景时,他告诉我:"我拍他被剥光衣服,像动物、像怪物一样被对待。"尽管指控者人数众多(五人),且杰克逊曾公开谈论与男孩同床共枕,富卡并不相信杰克逊做过那些被指控的事。"当我听到关于我们——尤其是黑人,特别是处于某种地位的黑人——的传闻时,总会有所保留,"富卡告诉我。他提到猫王埃尔维斯·普雷斯利的生活细节,暗示存在双重标准(普雷斯利遇见未来妻子普莉西拉时她十四岁,她十七岁搬到孟菲斯与他同居)。他对某些指控者的父母持怀疑态度,特别是钱德勒的父亲——牙医兼兼职编剧埃文·钱德勒,此人曾被录音威胁要让杰克逊"遭受超乎想象的羞辱"(埃文·钱德勒于2009年杰克逊去世数月后自杀身亡)。富卡强调自己并不清楚针对杰克逊指控的真相,但他说:"有时候人们为了钱会做些龌龊事。"

Fuqua does much of his work at home, in his pool house, where he likes to watch old films as he researches new ones, and where everybody knows not to bother him if the door is closed. Movies are now the family business. In 1999, he married the actor Lela Rochon (“Waiting to Exhale”). His son Brando is an aspiring director who attends the University of Southern California, and his other two children work for his production company—Asia, his daughter, appears briefly in “Michael,” playing the actress who plays Jackson’s girlfriend in the “Thriller” video.

傅奎大部分工作都在家中完成,确切地说是在他的泳池别墅里。他喜欢一边研究新电影,一边观看老片子。家人都知道,只要那扇门关着,就绝不能打扰他。如今,电影已成为这个家族的事业。1999年,他与演员莱拉·罗琼(曾出演《等待梦醒时分》)结为连理。儿子布兰多立志成为导演,目前在南加州大学就读;另外两个孩子则在他的制片公司工作——女儿艾西亚在《迈克尔》中短暂出镜,饰演《颤栗》音乐录影带里扮演杰克逊女友的女演员。

When Fuqua needs to preside over meetings, he drives to Santa Monica, where he rents office space in a post-production studio. In one room, the walls are decorated with posters from his many films, including both hits (“Olympus Has Fallen”) and misses (“Tears of the Sun,” a Bruce Willis war story set in Nigeria). Fuqua is a linear storyteller, whose best movies are distinguished by momentum, and by what Hawke calls the “musicality” of his shots. “When his camera is rolling, I always hear the soundtrack,” Hawke told me. Jamie Marshall, who worked as an assistant director on a number of Fuqua’s films, was struck by his ability to insure that actors never feel rushed, even when the producers start to sweat. “He’ll rehearse for eight hours, everyone’s freaking out, and then he shoots the scene, bangs it out in an hour and a half,” Marshall said. Fuqua’s facility helps explain both his continued success and, perhaps, his relatively low profile. “He’s a shooter in the oldest sense of the word—the set pieces, and the choreography around it,” one executive who has made films with him said. “What he does is deceptively complicated, because he elevates genre, and he does it so seamlessly. People take for granted how good he is.”

当福奎需要主持会议时,他会驱车前往圣莫尼卡,在一家后期制作工作室租用办公空间。其中一间屋子里,墙上贴满了他众多电影的海报,既有大卖之作(《奥林匹斯的陷落》),也有票房失利的作品(《太阳之泪》,一部由布鲁斯·威利斯主演、以尼日利亚为背景的战争片)。福奎擅长线性叙事,他最好的电影以流畅的节奏感和霍克所称的镜头"音乐性"而著称。"他的摄影机一转动,我总能听见配乐,"霍克告诉我。曾在福奎多部电影中担任助理导演的杰米·马歇尔,对他那种能让演员从不感到仓促的能力印象深刻——即便制片人已经开始冒汗。"他会排练八小时,所有人都抓狂了,然后他拍摄那个场景,一个半小时就搞定,"马歇尔说。福奎的这种才能既解释了他持续的成功,或许也说明了他为何相对低调。"他是这个词最古老意义上的'拍摄者'——擅长设计大场面及其编排,"一位与他合作过电影的制片人说。"他所做的事看似简单实则复杂,因为他提升了类型片的水准,而且做得天衣无缝。人们把他有多出色视为理所当然。"

Even as Fuqua was finishing “Michael,” he had begun work on a very different kind of bio-pic: “Hannibal,” a Netflix film with Denzel Washington in the title role. The racial identity of the historical Hannibal, who led the armies of ancient Carthage against Rome, does not map neatly onto modern categories: he was Mediterranean, possibly resembling present-day inhabitants of the Arab world. But Fuqua’s Hannibal is recognizably Black—an African insurgent taking on a European empire. “It’s incredible what we can achieve,” Fuqua said. “Ninety thousand men, thirty-seven elephants, and all the supplies that had to go with all that, over the Alps. That’s a hell of a campaign.”

就在福奎完成《迈克尔》之际,他已着手筹备另一部风格迥异的传记片:网飞出品的《汉尼拔》,由丹泽尔·华盛顿担纲主演。这位曾率领古迦太基军队对抗罗马的历史人物,其种族身份难以简单对应现代分类体系——作为地中海沿岸居民,他可能更接近当今阿拉伯世界人群的样貌。但福奎镜头下的汉尼拔被明确塑造为黑人形象:一位挑战欧洲帝国的非洲起义者。"这征程堪称奇迹,"福奎感叹道,"九万士兵、三十七头战象,连同所有辎重补给,翻越阿尔卑斯山脉。这绝对是史诗级的远征。"
Photo of person
Colman Domingo plays Jackson’s father as a kind of antihero, whose determination to help his sons succeed turns into something darker. “You get seduced by the money and the power,” Fuqua says.
科尔曼·多明戈饰演杰克逊的父亲,某种反英雄式的人物,他帮助儿子们成功的决心最终演变成更黑暗的东西。“你会被金钱和权力所诱惑,”福夸说。
Photograph from Lionsgate

One recent afternoon, Fuqua convened a meeting at his office to figure out how, exactly, this campaign would be brought to life. Richardson, the cinematographer, was there, and so was Sled Reynolds, who since the nineteen-eighties has been one of Hollywood’s most accomplished animal wranglers. Reynolds was dressed in a safari hat, as if prepared to wrangle any animal that happened to wander in off the Santa Monica Freeway. “The first thing we’ve got to get into is the elephant of it all,” Fuqua said. He was preparing to scout locations in Italy, which meant he needed to scout some elephants, too.

最近的一个下午,福奎亚在办公室召集会议,商讨如何具体落实这场宣传攻势。摄影师理查森在场,还有斯莱德·雷诺兹——自上世纪八十年代以来,他一直是好莱坞最资深的动物驯导师之一。雷诺兹头戴一顶狩猎帽,仿佛随时准备驯服从圣莫尼卡高速公路上误闯进来的任何动物。"我们首先要解决的是大象的问题,"福奎亚说。他正准备去意大利勘景,这意味着他也需要物色几头大象。

Reynolds suggested that the inventory was low in local zoos. He guessed that there were seven or eight elephants in Italy, and “none of them have tusks.” They discussed the possibility of prosthetic tusks, or even digitized ones, and considered whether it was important for Hannibal’s elephant, like its rider, to be recognizably African. (Asian elephants are smaller, with differently shaped heads and ears.)

雷诺兹提到,当地动物园的库存不多。他估计意大利只有七八头大象,而且"都没有象牙"。他们讨论了安装假牙甚至数字化象牙的可能性,并思考汉尼拔的战象是否要像骑手一样,必须是可辨识的非洲象。(亚洲象体型较小,头部和耳朵形状也不同。)

Fuqua had created hundreds of pages of storyboards, specifying countless details, but he knew that the success of “Hannibal” would ultimately depend not just on verisimilitude but on how cool its hero looked as he trudged off to war. “Whatever we do with the elephants, they should look massive,” he said.

富卡绘制了数百页的故事板,事无巨细地标注了无数细节,但他深知《汉尼拔》的成功最终不仅取决于历史真实感,更取决于主角奔赴战场时展现的凛然气概。"无论我们如何处理大象的镜头,它们必须呈现出排山倒海之势。"他说道。

In 2024, after principal photography on “Michael” was finished, Fuqua got some shocking news from Graham King. Jackson’s settlement with the Chandler family turned out to include an agreement that forbade the estate to participate in depictions of the events around Chandler’s allegation. The film that Fuqua had made was essentially unreleasable—not because Fuqua was too critical of Jackson but, in a sense, because he was too eager to defend him.

2024年,《迈克尔》完成主体拍摄后,福奎亚从制片人格拉汉姆·金那里得知了一个令人震惊的消息:杰克逊当年与钱德勒家族达成的和解协议中,竟包含禁止遗产委员会参与描绘钱德勒指控相关事件的条款。这意味着福奎亚倾力打造的电影实质上无法公映——并非因为他对杰克逊过于严苛,恰恰相反,某种程度上正是因为他太急于为这位巨星辩护了。

Fuqua thought about abandoning the project, but ultimately agreed to reconceive it instead. Even if he couldn’t engage with the accusations, he could still defend Jackson, by reminding audiences of all that he endured during his rise from overworked child star to over-worshipped pop phenomenon. In the film, we see Jackson rehearsing with his brothers and visiting sick children in the hospital; often, we see him alone, kept company only by a rather uncanny digital facsimile of his chimpanzee, Bubbles. The revised “Michael” ends in the late eighties, with Jackson triumphant and his reputation intact. Instead of chronicling his downfall, Fuqua merely chronicles his rise—and, you might say, his emancipation. It is, as King calls it, a “nostalgia journey.” Jaafar Jackson, who had never acted before, told me that Fuqua sometimes approached him after a take to deliver reassurance, saying, “Wherever you are right now, stay in that zone.”

富卡一度考虑放弃这个项目,但最终同意重新构思。即便无法直面那些指控,他仍能为杰克逊辩护——提醒观众,这位巨星从过度劳累的童星到被过度崇拜的流行偶像,一路承受了多少。影片中我们看到杰克逊与兄弟们排练、去医院探望病童;更多时候,我们看到形单影只的他,身边只有那只名叫"泡泡"的黑猩猩的诡异数字复制品作伴。重制版《迈克尔》止步于八十年代末,那时的杰克逊正值巅峰,声誉无瑕。富卡没有记录他的陨落,只记录了他的崛起——或许可以说,记录了他的解放。正如金所言,这是一场"怀旧之旅"。从未演过戏的贾法尔·杰克逊告诉我,富卡有时会在拍完一条后走过来安抚他:"保持住你现在的状态。"

“Michael” might be Fuqua’s first feature since “Training Day” with a villain at its center. The villain, though, is not Michael Jackson but his father, Joe, whose determination to get his boys out of Gary, Indiana, turns into something more poisonous. “At some point, you become diabolical,” Fuqua said. “You get seduced by the money and the power.” In conversations with Colman Domingo, Fuqua emphasized that Joe was also a strong, if flawed, avatar of African American fatherhood. “We talked about Black men who grew up pre-civil rights, and what the responsibilities were for them to raise their children, and what they were up against,” Domingo told me. In the film, Michael Jackson spends much of his time reacting to the strictures and provocations of his father, who tells him, “Nobody else will understand you, outside this place.” The dark message of the film is that this might be true.

《迈克尔》或许是福奎阿自《训练日》以来首部以反派为核心人物的电影。不过,反派并非迈克尔·杰克逊本人,而是他的父亲乔——这位父亲将儿子们带出印第安纳州加里的决心,逐渐演变成某种更扭曲的执念。"在某个时刻,你会变得丧心病狂,"福奎阿说,"金钱与权力会诱惑你沉沦。"在与科尔曼·多明戈的交流中,福奎阿特别强调,乔这个角色尽管充满缺陷,却也是非裔美国家长形象的某种缩影。"我们探讨了在民权运动前成长起来的黑人男性,探讨他们养育子女的责任与面临的困境,"多明戈告诉我。影片中,迈克尔·杰克逊多数时间都在应对父亲的严苛管束与精神压迫——父亲反复告诫他:"除了这里,没人会理解你。"而影片最黑暗的潜台词或许是:这句话可能并非虚言。

If “Michael” succeeds, it will be because theatregoers are too enthralled to dwell on this possibility. Fuqua and King are considering a sequel, which might use some of the incendiary footage that they have already shot. For now, though, a tortuous contractual process has led to a film that is surprisingly straightforward: a story of triumph where the tragedy exists only in the subtext, and in the unspoken possibility that a brilliant and sensitive boy, growing up in fear of his father, might turn out to be not just a victim but a perpetrator, too.

如果《迈克尔》大获成功,那一定是因为观众太过投入,无暇细想这种可能性。福奎亚和金正在考虑拍摄续集,可能会用到一些已经拍摄好的煽动性镜头。不过就目前而言,曲折的合同谈判过程最终催生了一部出奇直白的电影:这是一个关于胜利的故事,悲剧只存在于潜台词中,存在于那个未曾言明的可能性里——一个在父亲阴影下长大的聪慧敏感男孩,最终可能不仅是受害者,也会成为加害者。

Even with no scenes related to the allegations of abuse, “Michael” has exposed divisions within the family. Jackson’s daughter, Paris, said on Instagram that the movie “panders to a very specific section of my dad’s fandom that still lives in the fantasy,” and she has blamed the estate for not realizing earlier that the Chandler story line might pose legal problems. (John Branca, a former lawyer for Jackson and an executor of his estate, has an additional relationship with the film: he is a character in it, portrayed by Miles Teller as one of Jackson’s most effective protectors.) The New York Post recently reported that, at a preview screening, Michael’s sister Janet “criticized everything, from the performances to the makeup.” (Janet Jackson, pop royalty in her own right, asked not to be included in the film.)

即便影片中没有任何与性侵指控相关的场景,《迈克尔》还是暴露了杰克逊家族内部的分歧。杰克逊的女儿帕丽斯在Instagram上表示,这部电影"迎合了爸爸粉丝团中一个非常特殊的群体,他们至今仍活在幻想中",她还指责遗产管理委员会没有及早意识到钱德勒的故事线可能引发法律问题。(杰克逊的前律师、遗产管理委员会执行人约翰·布兰卡与这部电影还有另一层关系:他在片中由迈尔斯·特勒饰演,被塑造成杰克逊最高效的保护者之一。)《纽约邮报》近日报道称,在预映会上,迈克尔的妹妹珍妮特"从表演到化妆,对一切都提出了批评"。(身为流行天后的珍妮特·杰克逊曾要求不要将她纳入影片。)

When the film opens, on April 24th, Jackson’s obsessive fans will have a chance to render their own verdict, and so will what remains of the moviegoing public. A few weeks ago, Deadline reported that advance ticket sales suggested “Michael” might have an even bigger opening weekend than “Bohemian Rhapsody” did, and so far any public backlash to the concept of a pro-Michael Jackson film has been muted.

影片于4月24日上映时,杰克逊的狂热粉丝将有机会给出自己的评判,而尚未流失的电影观众也将作出选择。几周前,《截止日》网站报道称,预售票数据显示《迈克尔》首周末票房可能超越《波西米亚狂想曲》,而迄今为止,公众对这部为迈克尔·杰克逊辩护的影片并未出现强烈抵制。

Fuqua can’t pretend not to care about how well “Michael” does at the box office, but he has constructed his career to insure that he stays busy, no matter what. On the day that he had to make final changes to “Michael,” he was in New York, after a trip to Italy to scout locations for “Hannibal.” He saw a few things that could be improved—the lighting of Michael’s boyhood home in one scene didn’t quite match the lighting in a different one. But, a few hours later, sitting in a hotel lobby, he seemed pleased that his work was finished. “I came back, went upstairs for a minute, washed my face,” he told me. “That’s it. There’s nothing else I can do.” ♦

福卡不能假装不在乎《迈克尔》的票房表现,但他早已将自己的职业生涯构建得无论发生什么都能保持忙碌。就在他必须对《迈克尔》进行最终修改的那天,他刚从意大利为《汉尼拔》勘景归来,身在纽约。他注意到几处可以改进的地方——某个场景中迈克尔童年故居的打光与另一场景的灯光效果不太匹配。但几小时后,坐在酒店大堂的他似乎对完成工作感到满意。"我回来后上楼待了片刻,洗了把脸,"他告诉我,"就这样。我能做的都做完了。" ♦

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