Infinite Scroll

Kareem Rahma and the Tyranny of Web Video Shows

卡里姆·拉赫马与网络视频秀的暴政
With a relaunch of “Keep the Meter Running,” on YouTube, the new-media host is trying to turn TikTok-clip fodder into full-blown TV.
随着《打表不停》(Keep the Meter Running)在YouTube上重启,这位新媒体主持人正试图将TikTok短视频的素材烹制成一道完整的电视大餐。
Illustration of a taxicab.
Illustration by Ariel Davis

Everything on the internet now is a “show.” No longer can we consider selfies, pithy text posts, or even monologues on front-facing cameras as a universal medium of exchange. No: the successful new standard is the video series, a set of short-form clips, shot by multiple cameras, like a traditional television show. The shows tend to follow a repetitive format, which instantly becomes shtick. “Track Star” is a game show in which celebrity contestants identify the artist behind a given song to earn increasing amounts of money. “Boy Room” follows its host, Rachel Coster, as she investigates, mocks, and then renovates the decrepit bedrooms of twentysomething men. “Sidetalk” is a series of chaotic person-on-the-street interviews in New York, with participants’ faces filling the camera’s vertical frame. “A View, from a Bridge” has subjects pick up a phone mounted on a bridge and share an emotional autobiographical anecdote or lesson. These series and their ilk, hosted by accounts on TikTok and Instagram, have accrued millions of followers and become the successor to cable news and late-night talk shows as mandatory stops for musicians, actors, and politicians looking to self-promote. If the show is the medium, the clip is the message: an entire video shoot reduced to its catchiest few seconds, reaping the maximum amount of attention with the minimum of content.

如今,互联网上的一切都成了“秀”。我们再也无法将自拍、精辟的文字帖,甚至对着前置摄像头的独白,视为一种通用的交流媒介。不,成功的新标准是视频系列——一组由多台摄像机拍摄的短视频,就像传统的电视节目。这些节目往往遵循一种重复的格式,这种格式立刻就成了套路。《赛道明星》(Track Star)是一档游戏节目,名人参赛者要识别出一首歌背后的歌手,以赚取越来越多的奖金。《男孩房间》(Boy Room)跟随主持人瑞秋·科斯特(Rachel Coster),调查、嘲笑并最终改造二十多岁男性那些破败不堪的卧室。《街边闲谈》(Sidetalk)则是在纽约进行的一系列混乱的街头随机采访,受访者的脸塞满了竖屏画面。《桥上风景》(A View, from a Bridge)让受访者拿起安装在桥上的一部电话,分享一段充满情感的 autobiographical 轶事或人生感悟。这些节目及其同类,由TikTok和Instagram上的账号主持,已积累了数百万粉丝,并取代有线新闻和深夜脱口秀,成为音乐人、演员和政客自我宣传的必到之处。如果“秀”是媒介,那么“片段”就是信息:一整段视频拍摄被浓缩成最抓人的几秒钟,用最少的内容博取最大的关注。

One of the most successful of these shows is “Subway Takes,” created by Andrew Kuo and the New York comedian Kareem Rahma, in 2023. In each episode, Rahma sits next to his subject, whether established celebrity or opinionated rando, on the train, and asks them for their spiciest opinion, which they deliver and then defend. (Jennifer Lopez recently appeared and caused an online firestorm with her take that one must be born in New York City to qualify as a real New Yorker.) The formula has turned Rahma into a ubiquitous new-media figure—the Subway Takes Guy, a beloved TikTok talking head. Now he’s pursuing a new phase of his career, as something more like a traditional TV host, though the substance of what he’s making has barely changed. Before “Subway Takes,” he had a different TikTok show, “Keep the Meter Running,” which showed him jumping into New York City taxis and having the drivers take him to visit their favorite places. In May, he revived that conceit for a series of twenty-ish-minute “Keep the Meter Running” episodes, uploaded to YouTube every Wednesday.

这些节目中最成功的之一是《地铁辣评》(Subway Takes),由安德鲁·郭(Andrew Kuo)和纽约喜剧演员卡里姆·拉赫马于2023年创办。在每一集里,拉赫马都坐在受访者旁边——无论是知名名人还是满腹观点的路人——在地铁上,请他们说出自己最辛辣的观点,然后加以阐述和辩护。(詹妮弗·洛佩兹最近亮相,她提出的“必须出生在纽约市才算真正的纽约人”这一观点,在网上引发了一场风暴。)这一模式已将拉赫马变成了一个无处不在的新媒体人物——那个“地铁辣评哥”,一个备受喜爱的TikTok意见领袖。如今,他正在追求职业生涯的新阶段,变得更像一个传统的电视主持人,尽管他制作内容的实质几乎没变。在《地铁辣评》之前,他还有过另一个TikTok节目《打表不停》,展示他跳上纽约市的出租车,让司机带他去他们最喜欢的地方。今年五月,他重拾这个创意,制作了一系列约二十分钟长的《打表不停》剧集,每周三上传到YouTube。

Judging by the first five episodes, the relaunched “Keep the Meter Running” sits uncomfortably between old-style cable production and online-first video. Its credits cite more than twenty people, including producers, a mixer, a casting director, and a colorist—not quite the D.I.Y. YouTube operation of yore. The show is narratively ambitious; social-media commenters have been quick to compare Rahma to Anthony Bourdain, a garrulous travelogue front man. Rahma, whose late father, an Egyptian immigrant, was a cabdriver, accompanies the drivers on anthropological outings to such destinations as a Cuban dance lounge, a Russian bathhouse, and a taxi-driver clubhouse. Each episode ends with a Bourdain-esque coda in which the host delivers a brief, pat conclusion: After playing soccer with Hanny, an Egyptian driver, Rahma says, “Now that I’m a father, I see my dad in myself.” After partying with Homero on a double date at the Cuban lounge, he says, “Sometimes all it takes is a couple of passion-fruit mojitos, a new pink suit, and a stranger willing to teach you the merengue at lunchtime to remember that it’s O.K. to be a little spontaneous.”

从前五集来看,重启的《打表不停》尴尬地夹在老式有线电视制作和网络优先视频之间。它的片尾字幕引用了二十多人,包括制片人、混音师、选角导演和调色师——这可不是昔日那种DIY的YouTube操作了。这档节目在叙事上颇有野心;社交媒体上的评论者很快将拉赫马与安东尼·波登(Anthony Bourdain)相提并论,后者是一位健谈的旅行见闻主持人。拉赫马已故的父亲是埃及移民,曾是一名出租车司机。他陪着司机们进行人类学式的远足,目的地包括古巴舞蹈酒吧、俄罗斯澡堂和一个出租车司机俱乐部。每一集都以波登式的尾声结束,主持人会给出一个简短而完满的结论:在和埃及司机汉尼(Hanny)踢完足球后,拉赫马说:“现在我当了父亲,我在自己身上看到了我爸的影子。”在和奥梅罗(Homero)在古巴酒吧进行四人约会后,他说:“有时候,只需要几杯百香果莫吉托、一套新的粉色西装,以及一个愿意在午餐时间教你跳梅伦格舞的陌生人,就能让你记起,活得随性一点也没关系。”

To follow in Bourdain’s capacious footsteps is no crime (and, if it is, many people are guilty of it), but Rahma is a surprisingly downbeat, reticent passenger, particularly compared with his teasing, provocative persona on “Subway Takes.” The editing of the show is frenetic, the better to hold a distractible YouTube audience’s attention and provide fodder for clips, and as a result much of the dialogue comes across as choppy, with Rahma inserting quick punch lines. (Instead of commercial breaks, there are ads abruptly spliced in, at least if you don’t pay for a YouTube subscription.) The premise wears thin; viewers don’t learn much about the locations they vicariously visit. The stars of the show are the drivers, who recite their biographies in sound bites: Norman, who takes Rahma to a bowling alley, explains that he raised his younger siblings from the time he was nine, and that he met his now wife while participating in a bowling league. He is initially a staid presence but begins to tear up while recounting his childhood as Rahma listens from the back seat; then the emotion is undercut with a goofy scene at a “rage room” in which the pair smash china and computer monitors. There’s a thwarted, in-between quality to the proceedings: the show is not long or intimate enough to go very deep, and it’s not always focussed enough to be funny. Rahma strives for a cinema-verité aesthetic, with footage sometimes shot on vintage digital cameras, but the show’s style can’t overcome the limits of its format.

追随波登那宽广的脚步并非罪过(如果算的话,那很多人都有罪),但拉赫马是一个出奇消沉、沉默寡言的乘客,尤其与他在《地铁辣评》中那种爱逗弄人、挑衅的形象相比。节目的剪辑非常狂乱,这倒是更能抓住容易分心的YouTube观众的注意力,并为短视频提供素材,结果导致大部分对话听起来支离破碎,拉赫马会不时插入一些简短的笑点。(节目没有广告时段,而是突兀地插入了广告,至少在你没有购买YouTube会员的情况下是这样。)这个设定很快就显得单薄;观众对他们间接造访的地点了解甚少。节目的明星是那些司机,他们用只言片语讲述自己的生平:带拉赫马去保龄球馆的诺曼(Norman)解释说,他从九岁起就抚养弟弟妹妹,并在参加保龄球联赛时认识了现在的妻子。他起初是个沉稳的存在,但在讲述童年往事时开始哽咽,拉赫马则在后座倾听;随后,这种情绪被一个在“愤怒屋”里两人一起砸瓷器和电脑显示器的傻气场景给削弱了。整个过程有一种受阻、不上不下的质感:节目不够长,也不够亲密,无法深入挖掘;同时,它也不总是足够聚焦,难以引人发笑。拉赫马追求一种真实电影(cinema-verité)的美学,有些镜头用老式数码相机拍摄,但节目的风格无法克服其格式的限制。

How much do we want the internet to be television? In the realm of user-generated content, Rahma is a great success story; his projects, produced and distributed independently with the help of the digital impresario Adam Faze, have broken through because of their concision and verve. But a good gimmick for social-media content doesn’t automatically translate to interesting TV, a medium that many of us enjoy precisely because it doesn’t live or die by an algorithmic social-media feed. In 2024, Rahma noted in an interview with Gothamist that people often asked him why he didn’t make a podcast. He responded, “What if there was no podcast, and the clips were the podcast? . . . Like, they’re not even clips, they’re episodes. Episodes are the clips are the podcast.” This precisely describes the problem: In the absence of any coherent identity beyond clip generator, a show fades from the viewer’s mind the second it’s over. ♦

我们到底有多希望互联网变成电视?在用户生成内容的领域,拉赫马是一个巨大的成功故事;他的项目在数字大亨亚当·法兹(Adam Faze)的帮助下独立制作和发行,凭借其简洁和活力脱颖而出。但是,一个适用于社交媒体内容的好噱头,并不会自动转化为有趣的电视节目——我们许多人之所以喜欢电视这种媒介,恰恰是因为它的生死不取决于算法驱动的社交媒体信息流。2024年,拉赫马在接受Gothamist采访时提到,人们常问他为什么不做个播客。他回答说:“如果没有播客,而那些片段本身就是播客呢?……就是说,它们甚至不是片段,它们就是剧集。剧集就是片段,就是播客。”这恰恰描述了问题所在:在除了“片段生成器”之外没有任何连贯身份的情况下,一档节目在结束的瞬间就从观众脑海中消失了。 ♦

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